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Our mission is to inspire and empower the scientific exchange between scholars around the world, especially those from emerging countries. We provide a virtual library for knowledge seekers, a global showcase for academic researchers, and an open science platform for potential partners.

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Open Access
Review article
Techno-Economic Feasibility and Environmental Impact Assessment of Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind Turbine Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in Indonesia
wibawa endra juwana ,
singgih dwi prasetyo ,
rendy adhi rachmanto ,
Ubaidillah ,
yuki trisnoaji ,
Noval Fattah Alfaiz ,
Watuhumalang Bhre Bangun ,
Zainal Arifin
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Available online: 01-22-2026

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This research examines the integration of hybrid photovoltaic-wind turbine systems with electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in Indonesia to enhance the utilization of renewable energy and support sustainable transportation. The primary objectives include evaluating the techno-economic feasibility of hybrid systems, assessing their environmental and socio-economic impacts, and examining public acceptance of EV technologies. Employing simulation tools, case studies, and stakeholder interviews, the study analyzes various system configurations and operational frameworks across diverse regions in Indonesia. Findings reveal that hybrid systems significantly improve energy reliability while reducing dependency on fossil fuels. Environmental assessments indicate notable reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and improvements in air quality, aligning with Indonesia's net-zero emission goals by 2060. Additionally, the study highlights distinct consumer perceptions among motorcycle and car users, underscoring the importance of tailored policies and marketing strategies to foster EV adoption. The results support the development of innovative grid technologies and vehicle-to-grid capabilities as essential components for optimizing the penetration of renewable energy in EV charging infrastructure. The research contributes to a multidisciplinary understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with renewable energy integration, elucidating a path forward for Indonesia's sustainable energy transition while fostering equitable access to EV technologies. By tracing the evolution of research from techno-economic studies to comprehensive environmental and policy analyses, this manuscript offers valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers seeking to advance Indonesia's renewable energy landscape.

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The rapid growth of wealth-technology (wealth-tech) platforms has intensified the importance of digital trust, particularly among Generation Z investors who rely heavily on social media–driven information sources when making investment-related decisions. While prior studies have examined influencer marketing, electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), and social media engagement in fintech contexts, empirical research that integrates these persuasion mechanisms into a unified trust-based model of wealth-tech adoption intention remains limited. Drawing on Source Credibility Theory, Trust Transfer Theory, and digital engagement frameworks, this study proposes and tests an integrative model in which influencer credibility, e-WOM, and social media engagement simultaneously influence wealth-tech adoption Intention through the mediating role of digital trust. Using survey data collected from 255 Generation Z actual users of wealth-tech platforms in Indonesia, this study employs Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to simultaneously test the measurement model and the proposed trust-based structural relationships, including the mediating role of digital trust. A purposive sampling approach was adopted to ensure respondents possessed direct experience with wealth-tech applications, thereby enhancing construct validity in this specialized digital investment context. The results indicate that influencer credibility, e-WOM, and social media engagement each exert a significant positive effect on digital trust, which in turn strongly influences wealth-tech adoption Intention. Digital trust is found to play a critical mediating role, reinforcing its central importance in investment-oriented digital platforms characterized by heightened perceived risk. This study contributes to the literature by extending digital trust and fintech adoption research in three ways: (1) by integrating multiple digital persuasion mechanisms into a single trust-centered framework, (2) by empirically validating digital trust as a key mediating mechanism in a wealth-tech investment context, and (3) by providing contextual insights from an emerging market characterized by rapid digital adoption and persistent trust challenges. Practically, the findings offer guidance for wealth-tech platforms and digital marketers in designing trust-enhancing strategies targeting Generation Z investors.

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Climate change, which has intensified to a global governance crisis, demands adaptation strategies that are faster, precise, and more inclusive than ever before. Artificial intelligence (AI), increasingly positioned at the core of this transformation, is offering powerful tools for climate risk forecasting, disaster preparedness, energy optimization, agricultural efficiency, and business resilience. Yet the growing adoption of AI exposes a fundamental paradox: while it promises unprecedented analytical capacity, its benefits remain unevenly distributed across communities. The current study addressed this tension by presenting a comprehensive and governance-oriented analysis of AI-driven climate adaptation. Drawing on an extensive review of academic research and major institutional reports, this paper identified three interlinked challenges including methodological limitations, ethical and equity risks, as well as governance gaps which continuously undermine the effectiveness of AI-enabled adaptation. Predictive models struggled to incorporate complex social vulnerabilities; algorithmic opacity limited trust and accountability whereas persistent data inequality prevented low-income regions from leveraging advanced digital tools. In response, the study introduced a multi-layered governance framework encompassing technical capacity, regulatory and ethical infrastructure, and socially inclusive outcomes. The findings revealed that the contributions of AI to climate adaptation were fundamentally shaped by institutional quality, transparent data governance, equitable digital access, and participation of vulnerable populations in decision making. The paper concluded that AI held extraordinary potential to strengthen resilience, only if deployed within governance systems that prioritize fairness, accountability, transparency, ethics, and social inclusion. By aligning technological innovation with just and sustainable governance, AI becomes not only a predictive instrument but a transformative catalyst for equitable climate adaptation worldwide.

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The digital transformation of commercial banks (DTCB) has altered the way financial institutions collect, process, and use information, with potential implications for firms’ investment behaviour. This study examines whether and how DTCB affects corporate investment efficiency using panel data on Chinese listed companies from 2013 to 2023. The results indicate that a higher level of DTCB is associated with a statistically significant improvement in corporate investment efficiency. Further analysis suggests that this effect operates primarily through two channels: a reduction in financing constraints and a decline in agency costs. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of DTCB on investment efficiency is concentrated among privately owned firms, while no significant effect is observed for state-owned enterprises (SOEs). These findings provide evidence that the DTCB reshapes firms’ financing and governance environments in ways that influence investment outcomes. The study contributes to the literature on digital finance and corporate investment by offering firm-level empirical evidence on the economic consequences of banking digitalisation.
Open Access
Research article
Decision-Level Multimodal Fusion for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Endometriosis: Strategies, Calibration, and Net Clinical Benefit
oluwayemisi b. fatade ,
oyebimpe f. ajiboye ,
funmilayo a. sanusi ,
kikelomo i. okesola ,
grace c. okorie ,
goodness o. opateye ,
oluwasefunmi b. famodimu
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Available online: 01-18-2026

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Endometriosis remains underdiagnosed due to reliance on invasive laparoscopy. Artificial Intelligence (AI) using either imaging or structured clinical data have shown promise, but single modality approaches face limitations in sensitivity, calibration, and clinical reliability. This work seeks to evaluate whether decision-level multimodal fusion of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based and clinical data-based AI systems improves diagnostic performance, calibration, and net clinical benefit, compared with single-modality models. Two previously validated models were combined with retrospective data from 1,208 patients with suspected endometriosis: a Dual U-Net trained on pelvic MRI with Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) interpretability and a dense neural network trained on structured clinical features with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). This study tested weighted averaging, stacking via logistic regression, and confidence-gating. Performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC). Calibration was evaluated using the Brier score, expected calibration error (ECE), and reliability diagrams. Clinical utility was quantified with decision curve analysis (DCA). Statistical significance was tested with McNemar’s test for accuracy and DeLong’s test for AUC. Multimodal fusion outperformed both single modality models. Weighted averaging accuracy was 0.89, precision was 0.89, recall was 0.87, and F1-score was 0.86, thus improving on either modality alone. Stacking further enhanced calibration (ECE reduction from 0.8 to 0.04) and yielded higher net benefit across clinically relevant probability thresholds (20 to 60%). DCA indicated fusion would avoid 12 to 18 unnecessary surgical investigations per 100 patients, compared with single modality strategies. Confidence-gating maintained performance under simulated distribution shifts to support robustness. Decision-level multimodal fusion enhanced non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis by improving accuracy, calibration, and clinical utility. These results demonstrated the value of integrative AI gynecological care and justify prospective validation in real-world clinical settings.

Open Access
Review article
Metaverse and Augmented Reality in E-Commerce: Bibliometric Analysis and Thematic Exploration
fathey mohammed ,
yon hui yi ,
janice beh jing ni ,
muaadh mukred ,
nabil hasan al-kumaim ,
abulnaser a. hagar
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Available online: 01-15-2026

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This research addresses the rapid advancements and exponential growth in academic research on the use of augmented reality (AR) and the metaverse in e-commerce. Through comprehensive bibliometric analysis, the research evaluates the performance of publications and citation metrics, uncovers influential works and collaborative networks, and explores thematic trends and researcher sentiments in this domain. Data from Scopus was analyzed using tools such as R, RStudio, BiblioShiny, VOSviewer, Tableau, and Python. In addition, sentiment analysis was conducted via Hugging Face’s DistilBERT model. The research findings highlight key themes, including the integration of AR and the metaverse in retail, online shopping, and mobile commerce, emphasizing the role of immersive technologies in transforming consumer experiences. This study identifies emerging trends and gaps, providing a roadmap for future research and strategic implementation. Sentiment analysis reveals a balanced outlook among researchers, with both enthusiasm for technological advancements and concerns over implementation challenges. The research offers valuable insights for researchers, publications, and the e-commerce industry, guiding informed decision-making, fostering innovation, and enhancing consumer experiences in the evolving landscape of AR and the metaverse in e-commerce.

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This work provides a complete methodology for adopting well-established AI methods (predictive analytics, LLM agents, forecasting) into Microsoft Dynamics 365 Customer Relationship Management (CRM) for agricultural lending. While not claiming that the algorithms are novel, this work contributes a pragmatic approach to implementing these algorithms that specifically address the regulatory, seasonal, and operational characteristics of agricultural finance, as regulated by the Farm Credit System. It focuses on the real-life constraints and constraints within the regulated financial services industry, and measurable impacts that occurred. The paper provides a domain-oriented application of specific existing AI-CRM integration, with credible statistical testing including an external validation on USDA datasets and benchmarking across peer Farm Credit institutions, as well as cross-institutional analysis. By taking a reasonably conservative duration of 18 months, the Farm Credit institutions noted a statistically significant impact (operational efficiencies of the lending institution to assess member interests) where average case resolution time reduced by 28% (67.2h to 48.4h), and lead conversions improved by 35% (25.9% to 35.0%). Each methodology of implementation also included a series of validations in compliance with regulatory oversight in financial institutions that started to build data governance, model performance compliance through a proactive risk definition, and compliance standards suitable for their institution, and within regulatory standards by regulations. Beyond statistical significance (paired tests, $p <0.001$), practical impact was quantified using absolute and relative changes and bootstrap confidence intervals. The article provides the agricultural lending industry an applied methodology to adopt AI for stakeholder innovation while ensuring they are adept in their enterprise risk management requirement, and still target measurable business outcomes. Given a conservative potential implementation timetable (i.e., 18 months) and validation methodology protocols developed to ensure complete data and model validation, this approach is scalable for agricultural lending implementation and would be a useful instrument across all 72 Farm Credit System institutions.

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Circularity and regenerative tourism are instruments that influence the sustainability and resilience of the settings where tourism activities take place. Despite this, these instruments fail to consolidate all the theoretical integrity that corresponds to them as key elements for achieving sustainable development in rural contexts. Hence, the purpose of this study is to theoretically and methodologically re-evaluate the guiding principles of circular and regenerative tourism as tools to guarantee the sustainability and resilience of tourism. It highlighted the tangible and intangible resources of rural communities and developing potential that has not yet been sufficiently explored. The deductive method was used along with other methods derived from practices, such as document reviews, observations, surveys, interviews, and scaling. Techniques such as synthetic analysis, abstractions, comparisons, and generalisations were used to study the potential of circularity and regenerative tourism for sustainable tourism development in the rural parishes in the province of Manabí. The impact on improving the living conditions in host communities were also revealed. To conclude, the revaluation of the theoretical and methodological elements, and principles associated with circularity and regenerative tourism as instruments could help achieve sustainable development in rural communities.
Open Access
Research article
The Impact of Globalization on the Strategic Management Sustainability of the Venture Capital Industry
mustafa jaber ,
abdel-aziz ahmad sharabati ,
ahmad yacoub nasereddin ,
ra'ed masa'deh
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Available online: 01-11-2026

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This single case study examined how globalization shaped the sustainability of strategic management in Tazweed Venture Capital in Jordan. Qualitative evidence from six senior managers, triangulated with secondary sources, identified three dominant challenges: economic (47%; including competitiveness, regulation, and supply chains), environmental (25%; including waste management, degradation, and energy), and socio‑cultural (28%; including language and time‑zone frictions, regulatory diversity, and supplier alignment). In addition, the current study identified three opportunity clusters led by culture and society (45%; including partnerships, reputation, and innovation), followed by environment (30%; including renewable integration and footprint reduction) and economic (25%; including cost efficiencies and market expansion). Based on these findings, the study recommended (1) institutionalizing supplier sustainability due diligence and traceability; (2) adopting location‑specific practices with measurable targets; (3) embedding cross‑functional governance linked to key performance indicators; (4) leveraging partnerships and blended finance for renewables and circularity; and (5) formalizing risk‑based Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) materiality screens for cross‑border operations. The contribution is a practice‑oriented framework that connects globalization pressures to sustainability initiatives and outcomes for venture capital actors in emerging economies.

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Atmospheric turbulence induces severe blurring and geometric distortions in facial imagery, critically compromising the performance of downstream tasks. To overcome this challenge, a lightweight conditional diffusion model was proposed for the restoration of single-frame turbulence-degraded facial images. Super-resolution techniques were integrated with the diffusion model, and high-frequency information was incorporated as a conditional constraint to enhance structural recovery and achieve high-fidelity generation. A simplified U-Net architecture was employed within the diffusion model to reduce computational complexity while maintaining high restoration quality. Comprehensive comparative evaluations and restoration experiments across multiple scenarios demonstrate that the proposed method produces results with reduced perceptual and distributional discrepancies from ground-truth images, while also exhibiting superior inference efficiency compared to existing approaches. The presented approach not only offers a practical solution for enhancing facial imagery in turbulent environments but also establishes a promising paradigm for applying efficient diffusion models to ill-posed image restoration problems, with potential applicability to other domains such as medical and astronomical imaging.
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