This study aims to identify efficient Information Technology (IT) candidates for a specific position and highlight areas for improvement using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). By streamlining the selection process and reducing costs, the findings can assist companies in making better-informed hiring decisions. Additionally, the results provide candidates with valuable feedback on areas for development, increasing their chances of securing employment in their desired company. The DEA model offers a unique advantage in this context by generating reference units for each candidate, enabling precise determination of the necessary changes in inputs or outputs for achieving efficiency. The Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (CCR) model served as the baseline, with parallel comparisons drawn against the Banker, Charnes, and Cooper (BCC) and categorical models to identify the most effective approach. The findings reveal the efficient candidates based on the assessed criteria, demonstrating that less experienced candidates can be evaluated as efficient compared to their more experienced counterparts. The hypothesis that the BCC model, with its more flexible efficiency frontier, results in poorer candidate differentiation was confirmed. This study highlights the value of adopting the DEA method in evaluating the employment efficiency of IT candidates, offering practical implications for both hiring organizations and job-seekers.
This study presents an evaluation of a mathematical model designed for altitude and attitude control in quadcopters, employing Sliding Mode Control (SMC) in conjunction with the Kalman Filter algorithm. The developed mathematical model focuses on controlling the quadcopter's height along the z-axis and its attitude, encompassing roll, pitch, and yaw. Simulation results demonstrate that the quadcopter achieves stable control within a time span of 2 to 4 seconds. The designed control system has been simulated, implemented on a mini-quadcopter, and tested for the occurrence of chattering events. The incorporation of the SMC-Kalman Filter control system effectively mitigates chattering, resulting in enhanced stability for the quadcopter. This work show cases the potential of the proposed mathematical model in achieving precise and stable control in quadcopters, thus expanding the applicability of such systems in various applications.
The rapid adoption of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) paradigm has left systems vulnerable due to insufficient security measures. False data injection attacks (FDIAs) present a significant security concern in IIoT, as they aim to deceive industrial platforms by manipulating sensor readings. Traditional threat detection methods have proven inadequate in addressing FDIAs, and most existing countermeasures overlook the necessity of validating data, particularly in the context of data clustering services. To address this issue, this study proposes an innovative approach for FDIA detection using an optimized bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) model, with the Sailfish Optimization Algorithm (SOA) employed to select optimal weights. The proposed model exploits temporal and spatial correlations in sensor data to identify fabricated information and subsequently cleanse the affected data. Evaluation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in detecting FDIAs, outperforming state-of-the-art techniques in the same task. Furthermore, the data cleaning process showcased the ability to recover damaged or corrupted data, providing an additional advantage.
Kidney plays an extremely important role in human health, and one of its important tasks is to purify the blood from toxic substances. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) means that kidney begins to lose its function gradually and show some symptoms, such as fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and frequent urination. Early diagnosis and treatment increase the likelihood of recovery from the disease. Due to high classification performance, artificial intelligence techniques have been widely used to classify disease data in the last ten years. In this study, a hybrid model based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) was proposed using a two-class data set, which automatically classified CKD. This dataset consisted of thirteen features and one output. If the features showed, CKD was diagnosed. Compared with many well-known machine learning methods, the proposed CNN-LSTM based model obtained a classification accuracy of 99.17%.
It is complex to assess multi-level hierarchical teams, because the solution needs to organize their rapid dynamic adaptation to perform operational tasks, and train team members without sufficient competencies, skills and experience. Assessment also reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the whole team and each team member, which provides opportunities for their further growth in the future. Assessment of the work of teams needs external knowledge and processing methods. Therefore, this study proposed to use ontological approach to improve the assessment of multi-level hierarchical teams, because ontology integrated domain knowledge with relevant competencies of positions and levels in the hierarchical teams. Information on competencies of applicants was acquired in the portfolio analysis. After subdividing the hierarchical teams, appropriate ontologies and Web-services were used to obtain assessment results and competence improvement recommendations for the teams at various sublevels. The step-by-step team assessment method was described, which used elements of semantic similarity between different information objects to match applicants and equipment with team positions. This method could be used as a component of integrated multi-criteria decision-making and was targeted at specific cases of user tasks. The set of assessment criteria was pre-determined by tasks, and built based on domain knowledge. However, particular criterion were dynamic, and changed along with environmental at different time points.
Historically, infectious diseases have greatly impacted human health, necessitating a robust understanding of their trends, processes, and transmission. This study focuses on the COVID-19 pandemic, employing mathematical, statistical, and machine-learning methods to examine its time-series data. We quantify data irregularity using approximate entropy, revealing higher volatility in the U.S., Italy, and India compared to China. We employ the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm to assess regional similarity, finding a strong correlation between the U.S. and Italy. The Seasonal Trend Decomposition using the LOESS algorithm illuminates strong trend degrees in all observed regions, but China's prevention measures show marked effectiveness. These tools, whilst already valuable, still present opportunities for development in both theory and practice.
With the advancement of the "Belt and Road" initiative, trade between China and Europe has been steadily growing, and China-Europe container transportation has received increasing attention. This study analyzes the influencing factors of China-Europe container transport path selection and, based on the physical network of China-Europe container transport, constructs virtual nodes according to the transport modes that can be transited at different nodes and their own transshipment operations. By reflecting cost, time, and carbon emission factors in the virtual network, we construct a service network for China-Europe container multimodal transport, which in turn forms a multi-objective transport scheme selection model considering transportation cost, time, and carbon emissions. Subsequently, the economic and practical aspects of this transport path selection model are verified through five case studies of container transport from Dalian to Hamburg, Germany. Lastly, the sensitivity of factors, such as cost and time, to the China-Europe container multimodal transport path selection is assessed based on scenario analysis. This analysis offers valuable references for various decision-makers involved in the selection of the China-Europe container transport path.
With the growing need for digital business transformation, corporate venture capital (CVC) investors have been faced with the challenge of how to deal with this trend. Although digital business transformation and CVC are highly relevant, previous studies have investigated them separately instead of their relationships. Therefore, this research aimed to study the impact of CVC on digital business transformation to fill this research gap. Based on an exploratory research design, eleven experts from different industries were interviewed. The following results were found in this study: (1) after the CVC unit collaborated with an Open Innovation (OI) unit, the CVC activities were integrated into the decentralized OI activities, and a dedicated team in the CVC unit was responsible for OI and venture client-based OI activities, thus achieving digital OI; (2) CVC was used to pursue ambidexterity, digital exploration or exploitation; (3) CVC supported digital business transformation at the organizational, social, and technical levels, which provided an answer to the overarching research question of how CVC supported innovation processes. Theoretical implications of this study lied in enhancing the understanding between CVC and digital business transformation, thus extending the understanding of CVC organization and impact. Furthermore, this study provided practical implications and recommendations on organizing CVC and using it to achieve digital business transformation according to strategic objectives.
The interrelation between logistics and international trade is crucial for understanding a country's ability to increase its share in global trade. An adequate and well-integrated logistics sector and infrastructure are required for this purpose. This study employs the novel Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach known as REF-III and two distinct models to investigate the activities of countries in terms of infrastructure, logistics, international trade, and economic growth. The results from both models indicate that China and Russia are leading the rankings. However, when focusing on the efficiency of trade and economic growth, the United States occupies the first place. Notably, several Caucasian and Balkan countries rank poorly in both models, possibly due to the multiple crises, wars, and turmoil they have experienced over the past forty years. The investments and improvements made in infrastructure and logistics by the countries excelling in global trade and logistics should serve as a model for other nations to emulate.
This paper aimed to analyze the properties of rubber agglomerate panel, a heterogeneous material. After making three adjustments using three classical differential fractional models, namely, the Scott-Blair model, the generalized fractional Maxwell model (FMM), and the 1D standard fractional viscoelastic order for fluids (SFVOF), this paper assessed the number of parameters in those models for rubber agglomerate panel, made from rubber grains and urea thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). Combining data published from an undergraduate thesis with Microsoft Excel software and the solver command, this paper obtained better sample results using four parameters, rather than two or three complicated material function equations. Data of Ribeiro Alves in 2019 came from hardness experiments. Then this paper transformed deformation data into creep compliance in accordance with equation $J(t)=\varepsilon / t$ (mm/s), and obtained graphical adjustment representations, parameter values, and eventually adjustment equations. However, results from the modified FMM and 1D SFVOF were more comparable, and certain hypotheses were investigated to choose the better model. It was determined that the generalized FMM fit the data the best for this time period. With a certain margin of error, this model could be used for constructing new recycled materials and rubber agglomerate panel using Salvadori equipment. However, it is suggested that new and recent materials should be tested in order to solve environmental problems.
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