As fundamental nodal elements in urban spatial structures, the coupling and coordinated development of urban business centers and urban rail transit contributes to the optimization of these structures. Utilizing complex network theory, a model for the urban rail transit network was constructed. The importance and hub nature of urban rail transit stations were evaluated from different angles, including degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. These metrics examined the station's degree, closeness to other nodes, number of shortest paths, and centrality of neighboring nodes. The coupling relationship between urban rail transit and urban business centers was taken into account, leading to the creation of a coupling and coordination degree model for urban rail transit stations and urban business centers. An analysis of the spatio-temporal evolution of the coupling relationship between urban rail transit and business centers in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou from 2000 to 2020 was conducted. The findings indicated an interactive and mutually influencing coupling relationship between the urban rail transit network and urban business centers. Over time, the coupling and coordination degree of urban rail transit stations and urban business centers trended from being uncoordinated towards preliminary, moderate, and good coordination. Spatial heterogeneity existed in the coupling and coordination status of different circles, with the best coupling and coordination conditions being in the core area. There was a degree of variance in the coupling and coordination development situation of rail transit stations and business centers in the core areas of different cities. Among them, Shanghai's core area had the best spatial coupling and coordination development situation, Beijing's core area lagged in business center development compared to the construction of the urban rail transit network, while Guangzhou's core area saw urban rail transit network development lag behind its mature business centers. The application of these research findings aids in promoting sustainable urban development. While this study primarily measured the importance of urban rail transit network stations from the node centrality perspective, future studies could further examine the spatial coupling of urban rail transit and business centers from the viewpoints of accessibility and passenger flow.

As tourism village development proliferates in Indonesia, discernible disparities in perceived benefits among tourism and non-tourism stakeholders have been noted, suggesting that the advantages of tourism are not uniformly distributed among the community. Here, social capital, representing interpersonal trust, networks, and shared norms, emerges as a significant catalyst for resolving the identified challenges and securing community endorsement for sustainable village tourism. This investigation aims to explore the role of social capital and the extent of non-tourism actor engagement in facilitating the longevity of a selected Indonesian tourism village. Data concerning social capital and community involvement were procured via questionnaires administered to 270 respondents, the majority of whom were non-tourism actors within the village. The collected data were subsequently scrutinised utilising Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The study found that while these non-tourism actors are primarily of productive age, their education levels are relatively low and their primary occupations are low-income farming. Intriguingly, these individuals demonstrate substantial social capital despite their lack of direct engagement in tourism activities, which could be harnessed to promote their active involvement in sustainable village tourism. The research further underscores that trust, a fundamental facet of social capital, is instrumental in cultivating community networks and promoting active participation among non-tourism actors. The understanding derived from this research is hoped to provide a basis for policy formulation, aimed at fostering non-tourism actor engagement in tourism-centric activities, thereby allowing them access to the tourism industry benefits, such as secondary income through tourism-related jobs.

The primary objective of this study encompasses the evaluation of the Padaleunyi Toll Road's service performance, particularly in relation to Indonesia's established minimum service standards for toll roads. Given that the Padaleunyi Toll Road currently stands at mid-life in terms of its service duration, it is crucial to undertake this assessment to predict its remaining useful life. Criteria for measuring minimum service standards' fulfillment were diversified to cover the conditions of the toll road, average vehicular speed, accessibility, mobility, safety parameters, availability of rescue units and service assistance, environmental impact, and features of rest and service areas. The employed research methodology was based on the guidelines provided by Regulation 16/PRT/M/2014 from the Indonesian Ministry of Public Works. Findings indicate a compliance level of 66.04% to the minimum service standards, with the poorest indicator being the condition of the toll roads at a mere 14%. This study hopes to contribute by offering comprehensive insights into the current state and future prospects of the Padaleunyi Toll Road. It further highlights the importance of effective maintenance and operation strategies in prolonging its service life. Overall, the implications of this study can significantly enhance the planning and development process of toll roads, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia, by incorporating key aspects like pavement quality, road geometric design, and efficient traffic management.

The implementation of Project Management Institute (PMI) methodology has been investigated for its potential benefits in the administration of construction projects and urban planning. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, this study incorporates a broad literature review and detailed case studies to elucidate the influence of the PMI methodology, with a specific focus on project planning and the alignment of activities with project goals. Outcomes demonstrate that this systematic methodology allows for precise articulation of project objectives, scope, timelines, and resources, subsequently promoting rigorous project planning and goal alignment. It has also been revealed that PMI methodology plays a crucial role in risk identification and management, thereby facilitating knowledgeable decision-making and reducing project setbacks. Emphasis is placed on the proactive nature of project management, particularly in complex, multi-stakeholder projects. Furthermore, PMI methodology fosters effective communication and collaboration among team members, thereby enhancing coordination and the attainment of the desired project outcomes. The study indicates that PMI methodology's implementation provides a structured and efficient approach to project execution, subsequently enhancing project quality, efficiency, and stakeholder satisfaction levels. Future research in this field is advocated, along with the endorsement of PMI methodology's adoption within the construction and urban planning industry. As such, this research significantly contributes to the understanding of the PMI methodology's potential to improve project management within the construction and urban planning sectors, demonstrating its capacity to augment quality, efficiency, and satisfaction levels.

In the pursuit of urban sustainability, the incorporation of design elements conducive to public health, safety, comfort, and well-being is investigated within this study. Focusing on Kufa City, Iraq, significant indicators of urban design are identified that may contribute to the enhancement of human health. Among these, multiple modes of transport, walkability, cycling infrastructure, and the promotion of green spaces are emphasized. An examination was conducted within three distinct urban spaces in Kufa City, each representing a different spatial level to provide a comprehensive reflection of the city's design. It was found that the current design does not generally support public health, characterized by an overwhelming dependence on private automobiles and a lack of provisions for walking and cycling. Variations were observed across different spatial levels, with the sectoral and neighborhood levels containing parks that offer comfortable and safe pedestrian paths and green spaces that potentially ameliorate the overall atmosphere. Such provisions were found lacking at the regional level. The findings illuminate key areas for intervention and serve as a valuable reference for urban planners seeking to promote public health through the strategic design of urban spaces. In maintaining consistency with professional terminology used elsewhere in this article, the selected terms are carefully employed to articulate the complex interplay between urban design and public health. The expanded content provides a richer understanding of the subject while preserving originality and adherence to academic rigor.