Determining strategic locations for the development of integrated agroindustry—encompassing aquaculture areas, industrial zones, and ecotourism sites within coastal regions—presents a complex challenge. Each sector carries distinct interests and characteristics, often leading to spatial conflicts. Moreover, ensuring coastal ecological sustainability must remain a top priority throughout the planning process. A comprehensive approach is required to identify locations that not only minimize environmental impacts but also maximize cross-sectoral economic value. This study aims to identify potential locations for the development of an integrated agroindustry in the aquaculture–ecotourism sector. The Analysis of Operational Area of Nature-Based Tourism Attractions (AOA-NBTA) was employed to assess ecotourism potential. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to assign weights to industrial development parameters, while Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used for spatial analysis of potential locations for integrated agroindustrial development. The AOA-NBTA analysis identified Tanjung Pakis Beach as the most promising ecotourism location, with a cumulative score of 3.175. Spatial overlay analysis in the Bekasi–Karawang coastal region revealed that highly suitable (S1) areas account for 20.27% (1,950.961 ha), suitable (S2) areas 18.10% (1,742.823 ha), and unsuitable areas 61.63% (5,933.175 ha). These findings provide a foundation for spatial decision-making in formulating sustainable development policies, particularly in coastal zones.

Chemical dyes are routinely discharged into ecosystems via textile industry effluents and landfill leachates. Adsorption using engineered adsorbents presents a viable strategy for pollutant removal in water treatment. Activated carbon (AC) and carbon nanoparticles are composite materials that integrate nanomaterials, rendering them less susceptible to these processes. This study involved preparing and characterizing AC using UV-Vis, fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. We subsequently assessed its capacity to remove methylene blue (MB) under varying conditions of pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. The dye is often utilized in the textile and chemical industries. The adsorbent achieved a removal efficacy of 99.9% under optimal conditions: a temperature of 25 ℃, a pH range of 7–9, and a contact time of 60–120 minutes. The removal process was characterized by pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm model. The results indicated that the adsorbent’s surface was heterogeneous, consisting of many layers. The calculated thermodynamic parameters were $\Delta G^{\circ}$ = -4.24 kJ/mol, $\Delta H^{\circ}$ = -0.0975 kJ/mol, and $\Delta S^{\circ}$ = -0.3125 kJ/kg/K.

The functional value of a watershed is often degraded by anthropogenic activities. Land cover changes, urban expansion, and industrial development can significantly affect river water quality. Consequently, rapid and comprehensive monitoring is required to represent conditions across the entire river system. Advances in Earth observation satellite technology provide efficient tools for monitoring natural resources and environmental quality. This study aims to estimate concentrations of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the Krueng Pase River Basin, North Aceh, Indonesia, using satellite imagery. The analysis employed Sentinel-2A data acquired during both dry and rainy seasons from 2020 to 2022, with a spatial resolution of 60 m. Concurrent field measurements collected by the Aceh Environmental Service were used for accuracy assessment. The results reveal seasonal variations in sediment levels within the Krueng Pase Watershed. Validation against in situ observations produced Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values of 0.949 (very good) for Period I and 0.645 (satisfactory) for Period II. Percent Bias (PBIAS) values were 15.668 (very good) and 21.0307 (very good), respectively. These findings are supported by the estimated DO concentrations, which consistently $>$5 mg/L. Such levels indicate good oxygen conditions, sufficient to sustain productive aquatic biota and showing no evidence of severe pollution. This study demonstrates that satellite imagery-based estimation of TSS and DO concentrations is a reliable approach for land and water management, particularly in evaluating water pollution.

Limited studies have assessed the specific health risks associated with ozone exposure among informal waste workers in landfill environments, particularly in developing countries. This study addresses this gap by evaluating the Risk Quotient (RQ) of ozone pollutants among scavengers at the Sarimukti Landfill, West Bandung Regency, Indonesia. Applying the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach, ozone concentrations were measured over three periods across two sampling points. Data were collected from 101 scavengers, including variables such as exposure time, frequency, body weight, and inhalation rate. Intake values, RQ, safe concentration thresholds (Cnk), safe exposure duration (t$_\text{Enk(safe)}$), and safe exposure frequency (f$_\text{Enk(safe)}$) were calculated under both real-time and 30-year projection scenarios. The results showed that real-time RQ values substantially exceeded the safe threshold (mean RQ = 27.183), indicating substantial short-term health risks. Although the projected 30-year values were lower (mean RQ = 7.630), they remained above the acceptablelimit (RQ $>$ 1), reflecting potential chronic health risks. The average safe exposure time at maximum concentration was only 0.147 hours/day, while the safe frequency was limited to 5 days/year. These findings highlight the urgent need for integrating occupational health protections, air quality monitoring, and regulatory enforcement into landfill waste management systems.

The Kara University Hospital generates an average of 17133.1 m$^3$ of wastewater per year. These hospital effluents contain specific substances likely to disseminate pathogenic germs. The objective of the study is to assess the risks associated with the poor management of hospital effluents from the Kara University Hospital. The study involved the characterization of the effluents. The results obtained show that in addition to the temperature and the hydrogen potential (pH), the values of the other physico-chemical parameters in particular, suspended solids (SS) (58.07 mg/L) and nitrates (84.79 mg/L) exceed the discharge standards of World Health Organization (WHO). The values of the microbiological parameters sought, in particular total coliforms (1.106 CFU/100 mL), thermotolerant coliforms (4.105 CFU/100 mL), sulphite-reducing anaerobes (3.6103 CFU/100 mL) and faecal streptococci (5.103 CFU/100 mL) exceed the discharge standards accepted by the WHO. Exposed individuals were identified through an exposure level assessment matrix. The analysis shows that at the production stage, healthcare personnel are the most exposed with a critical rate of 64% (16/25); at the evacuation stage, the workers in charge of evacuation show a moderate exposure level of 48% (12/25). After disposal in nature, populations living near landfill areas are the most exposed with a rate of 48% (12/25). After disposal in nature, populations living near landfill areas are the most exposed with a rate of 48% (12/25). The wearing of personal protective equipment by staff and the establishment of a treatment plant will reduce the risks and ensure sustainable management of effluents from the Kara University Hospital.

Inclusive ecotourism promotes equal access, community participation, and environmental conservation, thereby generating both social and economic benefits. Although scholarly interest in inclusive ecotourism has increased, empirical research examining how specific policy frameworks address the needs of people with disabilities remains limited. This study presents a systematic review of the existing literature to evaluate the extent to which ecotourism policies enhance accessibility, foster community awareness, and support environmental sustainability. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases. Of the 1,215 records identified, only seven studies met the inclusion criteria, indicating that research in this area is still at an early stage of development. The review highlights several key policy strategies, including the provision of accessible infrastructure, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of sustainability-oriented practices. However, the findings also reveal persistent challenges, such as weak policy enforcement, limited intersectoral collaboration, and gaps in physical infrastructure. By synthesizing insights related to accessibility, community awareness, and environmental policy, this study provides an integrated perspective to inform the development of more inclusive and sustainable ecotourism initiatives. It underscores the need for stronger cross-sector collaboration to address existing policy shortcomings and to promote tourism systems that equitably benefit all visitors, including individuals with disabilities.

Exposure to heavy metals during pregnancy poses significant health risks to both pregnant women and the developing fetus. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on heavy metal exposure during pregnancy and its impact on fetal development over the past five decades (1974−2024). Data were retrieved from the Scopus database, yielding 173 English-language publications for analysis. Bibliometric mapping was performed using VOSviewer, while trend visualization and geographical analysis were conducted using Tableau to identify publication trends, research hotspots, and knowledge gaps. The results revealed a marked increase in research output beginning in 2010, with lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) emerging as the most extensively investigated metals, followed by growing attention to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and manganese (Mn). Prominent research themes focused on associations between prenatal heavy metal exposure and adverse birth outcomes, including low birth weight, preterm birth, and impaired neurodevelopment. Geographically, research output was dominated by the United States, China, and European countries, whereas contributions from low-income and high-exposure regions remained limited. Frequently occurring author keywords included heavy metals, pregnancy, and fetal development. These findings highlight the need for more targeted research in underrepresented regions and on emerging heavy metals, in alignment with global public health priorities and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Overall, this analysis provides strategic insights to inform future research directions and policy initiatives aimed at reducing prenatal heavy metal exposure and improving maternal and fetal health outcomes.