This study examined climate-related risks to public health, settlements and human security in Thailand, with a particular focus on vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly. Distinguishing itself from traditional assessments, this research innovatively integrated future climate projections from 2016–2035 under a high-emission scenario of RCP8.5 with data about current structural vulnerability, based on the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in 2024. This approach proactively identified “at-risk” areas where future environmental hazards might exacerbate existing social inequalities. The analysis on 76 provinces except Bangkok, utilized Bivariate Polygon Render to visualize risk-poverty intersections and Local Spatial Autocorrelation (Local Moran’s I) to rigorously detect statistically significant spatial clusters. Results indicated that the Northeastern and Western regions consistently faced elevated risks. Quantitative analysis confirmed critical “High-High” hotspots in the Northeast, specifically in Khon Kaen (LMI = 1.103, p = 0.004) and Buriram (LMI = 1.724, p = 0.008), where high climate exposure significantly overlapped with child multidimensional poverty. Conversely, Mae Hong Son emerged as a significantly “Low-High” spatial outlier (LMI = -0.634, p = 0.008), highlighting a region with concentrated elderly vulnerability despite lower relative climate risks. These findings underscored the utility of MPI over simple population counts for policy targeting. Ultimately, the study supports climate justice principles by providing spatially explicit evidence to guide interventions that address both local needs and structural inequalities.

Ukrainian enterprises face significant challenges in leveraging innovation for competitiveness and sustainable development amidst post-war reconstruction and global market integration, with limited empirical evidence guiding effective strategies. This study examined the impact of innovative activity on companies’ competitiveness and its contribution to sustainable development within Ukraine’s national economy from 2018 to 2024. Utilizing a quantitative data analysis of 612 enterprises across key sectors such as information technology (IT), manufacturing, and agriculture, the research employed fixed-effects regression models on longitudinal data from Ukraine’s State Statistics Service. Key metrics included Research and Development (R&D) Intensity, Patent Activity, Process Innovation Adoption, alongside competitiveness indicators (Export/Revenue Growth and Market Share), as well as sustainability indicators (Job Creation, Energy Efficiency, and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions). Results demonstrated that a 1% increase in R&D Intensity drove 2.71% higher Export Growth (p < 0.001), while Process Innovation boosted Revenue by 4.38% per implementation level (p < 0.01) and reduced GHG Emissions by 12.7% (p < 0.001). A critical R&D Intensity threshold of 3.5% triggered exponential returns in competitiveness. Sectoral analysis revealed superior innovation resilience of IT (78% wartime retention vs. 42% in manufacturing) and reliance on Non-R&D Innovation for Job Creation in agriculture. The findings necessitate tiered R&D tax incentives for enterprises that exceed the 3.5% intensity benchmark, as well as the establishment of sector-specific innovation hubs. Policymakers should prioritize sustainability-linked financing and wartime adaptation funds targeting regions with more than 15% infrastructural damage. This study provided the first quantitative evidence linking types of innovation to dual competitiveness and sustainability outcomes in conflict-affected Ukraine, hence offering actionable pathways for economic recovery.

Coastal management is crucial for achieving the blue economy, which prioritizes the sustainable utilization of marine resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and the welfare of the ocean ecosystem. However, the current body of knowledge on the interface of coastal management and the blue economy is fragmented. The identified fragmentation leads to the demand for a thorough understanding of research trends, major issues, and prospects. Therefore, this research aims to provide a systematic overview of the global research landscape on coastal management in the context of the blue economy. Bibliometric analysis was applied to examine 85 articles indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases, with a focus on the period covering 2013 to 2024. The analysis was conducted with different tools such as biblioshiny R package, VOSViewer and NVivo 12 Plus to map the co-occurrence of keywords and thematic evolution. The results demonstrated several emerging research trends, including sustainable development, marine spatial planning, conservation management, marine environment and policy, as well as environmental impact assessment. Despite these developments, gaps were identified in areas such as policy integration, technological innovation for coastal monitoring, and equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms in the blue economy framework.