The global transition toward sustainable tourism requires community-based tourism enterprises to reconcile cultural preservation, economic viability, and environmental stewardship. In Ubud, Bali, traditional homestays represent living expressions of intangible cultural heritage shaped by the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana (harmony among people, nature, and spirituality). However, the preservation of cultural integrity and community-centered values must be balanced with market adaptation and technological integration. Despite extensive research on community-based tourism, the negotiation of competing institutional logics by local actors remains underexplored. This study adopts a qualitative case study approach to examine how homestay operators in Ubud navigate these tensions. Data were collected through focus group discussions with homestay owners, tourists, and community leaders, complemented by field observations and document analysis. The findings reveal that local institutions—particularly adat (customary law) and the banjar (community council)—play a dual role by enabling collective governance and cultural continuity while also constraining rapid innovation. Within this context, homestays adopt a strategy of “negotiated hybridity,” implementing incremental adaptations without undermining cultural authenticity. Based on these findings, a triadic negotiation model is proposed to explain the interaction among cultural preservation, market modernization, and ecological sustainability. The model shows how hybrid governance enables informal institutions and formal sustainability frameworks to coexist and strengthen adaptive capacity. Practically, the findings indicate that destination management organizations and policymakers should promote culturally embedded support mechanisms that reinforce community governance while encouraging innovation, digital transition, and environmentally responsible tourism to sustain authentic cultural landscapes and long-term destination resilience.

Agritourism has increasingly been recognized as a strategy for livelihood diversification within sustainable rural development; however, robust empirical evidence regarding its household-level socioeconomic contributions in sub-Saharan Africa remains limited. This study investigates the extent to which agritourism contributes to rural livelihood enhancement in Adjeikrom, Ghana. A pragmatic research paradigm was adopted, and a convergent mixed-methods case study design was employed. Primary data were collected from 100 households using structured questionnaires, complemented by in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and stakeholder consultations. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Findings indicate that Adjeikrom possesses diverse agritourism resources, including cocoa farm tours, village experiences, and mountain hiking, widely recognized and positively evaluated by residents. Direct livelihood benefits were reported by 74% of households through employment and enterprise development. Correlation analysis revealed a weak, non-significant positive association between household income and perceived livelihood enhancement (r = 0.250, p > 0.05), suggesting agritourism contributes to household well-being without being the principal determinant of livelihood outcomes. Qualitative evidence showed that agricultural productivity was strengthened through technical training, improved input access, and institutional partnerships linked to agritourism, alongside indirect benefits such as improved infrastructure and social capital. By integrating household perceptions, livelihood outcomes, and agricultural support mechanisms within a single analytical framework, the study provides a more comprehensive understanding of agritourism’s multidimensional role in rural development. Findings suggest agritourism should be regarded as an emerging, transitional livelihood pathway, with greater impact achievable through stronger infrastructure, institutional coordination, and community participation linking agriculture, tourism, and local economic development.