Despite numerous government interventions, machine- building industry in Ukraine slowly declines since 2008. Many researchers claim it to be a result of high cost of capital within Ukraine. This article purposes to answer the question, how cost of capital influences development of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises. Twenty Ukrainian enterprises were selected and their data analyzed for the period from 2008 to 2014, using the value-oriented approach, namely, the method of Economic Margin (EM), adjusted to peculiarities of Ukrainian reporting practices. The research shows, that the cost of capital (CC) is not a determining factor for the stalled development of the machine-building enterprises in Ukraine.

Bu çalışma Web of Science (WOS) bibliyografik veri tabanı baz alınarak, dünyada kuyruk teorisi konusuyla en fazla ilgisi olan makaleleri, en çok atıf alan çalışmaları, konuyla ilgili bilimsel toplantıları ve konuyla ilgili çalışmalarda en çok yer verilen anahtar kelimeleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, kuyruk teorisi alanında uluslararası alanda yapılmış akademik makalelerin bir bibliyometrik analizi ve haritalaması amaçlanmıştır. WOS’da yapılan tarama, 1990 yılı ile 2015 yılı Kasım ayı arasını kapsamaktadır. WOS’da yapılan ilk tarama sonucunda, 1990 yılından bu zamana kadar doğrudan “kuyruk teorisi” konu başlığı ile, sosyal bilimler alanında ve yöneylem araştırması kapsamında taranan indekslerde toplamda 59 adet çalışmanın yayınlandığı görülmüş ve bu çalışmalar analiz edilmiştir.

Çalışmada, Basel III’ün öngördüğü kurallar ve formüller çerçevesinde, Türk Bankacılık Sistemine ilişkin genel veriler ve bazı varsayımlar ışığında bir bilanço oluşturulmuş ve buradan likiditeye ilişkin öngörülen minimum oranlar sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca, duyarlılık analizi ile bilanço yapısının bir bankanın likidite riskiyle ilgili kısa vadeli dayanıklılığını sağlamaya dönük olarak tasarlanan Likidite Karşılama Oranı üzerinde yaratacağı etkiler ortaya konmuştur. Model tüm girdi varsayımlarının değiştirilebilmesine imkân tanıdığından, her defasında yeni bir bilanço oluşturulabilme esnekliği bulunmaktadır. Böylelikle, farklı politika seçeneklerinin bir bankanın genel görünümünde yaratabileceği etkileri gözlemlemek mümkün olmaktadır.

Finance mix is a major factor that affects the liquidity and the going concern of a business enterprise. After an idea has been conceived by an entrepreneur, there is need to also analyse the capital required for startup and means of financing the project. A good combination of sources of finance is expected to boost the profitability of an organization, but if not properly mixed, could have a negative effect on the profitability of the organization. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of financial structure on the profitability of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. This study employed the use of secondary data. The Spearman’s Rank correlation and regression techniques were used for analysis, using the STATA Package for a sample of 25 manufacturing companies quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2008-2012. The study showed that equity has a significant positive relationship with the profitability of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study recommends that managers should place greater emphasis on the facilitation of equity capital and policy makers should encourage manufacturing companies by reducing the cost of debt.

The purpose of this study is to measure the basic accountancy knowledge of entrepreneurs in Tokat Organized Industrial Site ( OIS ) and it is also aimed at determining the tax treatment knowledge level of entrepreneurs. In line with this purpose, a questionnaire was implemented to the operating firms in Tokat Organized Industrial Site ( OIS ). In consequence of the questionnaire and analysis, with regard to the implementations of entrepreneur-accountancy knowledge relevancy; while there were no significant differences among the following variables such as gender, educational level, position, there were significant differences among the following variables such as age and work experience. In addition to the above-mentioned results, according to the result of the knowledge implementation questionnaire, there were no significant differences among age, gender, educational level, position and work experience. The evaluation of open-ended questions was examined with details in the conclusion of the study.

21st century education standards focus on 21st century skills, content knowledge and expertise. Technology advances such as eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) have revolutionized the way information is exchanged and the way business is conducted. These days, speed is of the essence and loss of accuracy, lack of transparency, and difficulty in analysis are increasingly becoming apparent risks. This research exposes XBRL as a phenomenon that represents the future of global accounting education. It discusses the concept and need for XBRL as well as its potential uses and challenges. The research found that there is an ongoing transformation in the way business is conducted and regulated world-wide. The onslaught of the information revolution has profound ramifications for corporate reporting information preparers and users. It therefore recommends that the greater the degree of collaboration between all participants in the financial information supply chain, including government regulators and public sector accountants, the greater the benefits that this information format enables for all participants, educationists, academics, companies, regulators, investors, and government agencies alike.

This study was conducted to examine opinions about professional ethics perceptions and ethical viewpoints of accounting studying students in the undergraduate and associate degree programs. The universe of study consist of students of studying various accounting courses in associate degree programs (Business and Accountancy and Taxation) of Osmaniye Vocational School and undergraduate programs (Business Administration, Management Information Systems, Economics, Political Science and Public Administration with International Trade and Logistics) of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty in the main campus of Osmaniye Korkut Ata University. The survey was conducted within the scope of study as data collection methods. The survey data was tested using SPSS 18 program. According to the findings of study, girl students are more susceptible than male students about in commitment to ethical principles and professional ethics, would be useful to take place in the curriculum of professional ethics lessons, would be increase in the commitment to ethical principles with ethics education was concluded.

Globalization has removed borders of trade on the world and this result has directed to globalize the accounting systems. IAS (International Accounting Standards) and IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) are developed and updated everyday and these systems are integrated our country. “Capital Stock’s Conservation and Persistence” has been emphasized with importance on the IAS / IFRS’s "Conceptual Framework" and for that reason, the profit-loss calculations have been made with method of "Economic Profit and EBITDA (earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortization)" and the aim of this study is; giving a different standpoint for companies performance evaluations may be made more effective. Companies are to declare periodic amounts of profit or loss and as a result of this study is; these amounts have been found to reflect only tax or financial amounts. Hence, can be correctly calculated the real commercial amounts of profit-loss is demonstrating once more face the day importance of companies performance evaluation.

According to today's business notion, companies ought to decide on how to assess their investment properties because of an increasing competition. On this basis, there are options available for companies such as own usage of investment property or leasing it for gaining earnings on value augmentation. If second option of these alternatives is chosen, investment properties standard is taken as constitution. With this different evaluation, the risk of wrong information transmission is dealt over. The aim of this study is to intoduce investment properties, and putting forward accounting criteria with application examples. In this context, firstly classification of investment properties is performed then examples regarding explanations and accounting procedures are delivered abiding by Accounting Standard numbered 40. With this standard, the necessity for separate categorization of investment properties apart from other assets of an entity is arisen that is previously made according to Turkish Accounting and Financial Reporting Standards. Thus, fair presentation of information available in financial statements could be enabled through accurate categorization.

In an efficient market that has reduced systematic risk, the essential requirement of accurate pricing of financial instruments is equal access to the information, namely, disclosure. Insider trading as one of the problems related asymmetric information on financial markets prevents market transparency and beats investors' confidence. For this reason, the transmission of accurate and timely disclosed inside information to investors is intended to prevent monopolization and the use of privileged information that is unknown to everyone is prohibited in many markets around the world. In this study, the historical evaluation of insider trading with important cases beginning from the birth of stock markets is addressed. The regulations of insider trading is sorted in chronological order and referred to prosecuted cases. Moreover, EU regulations on insider trading is mentioned and the approach of new Capital Market Law No. 6362 which came into force on 2012 to insider trading is discussed. It is concluded that, the penal provisions on insider trading that can cause missappropriation must be clearly defined.

The purpose of the present study is to determine how and in which direction individual investors are affected by psycho-social factors in their financial decisions. In other words, this study analyses how investors' personalities and demographic features relate to their investment decisions and risk perceptions. In this scope, we used a questionnaire filled out by 268 banking employee working in the banks operating in the provinces of Hatay, Kocaeli, Denizli, Eskişehir, Aydın, and Mersin. The results of the analysis were found to vary according to the demographic characteristics of the preferred investment.

There has been ongoing regulatory debates in the United States and European Union countries on whether audit partner rotation really improve the audit quality, showed that there has been continuing doubts on how mandatory rotation implemented. This situation point out that rotation policy choice of countries should be supported by empirical research. The aim of this study is to make a literature review on what extent of empirical evidence support the mandatory rotation decisions of countries. For this purpose, development of the mandatory rotation regulation in the United States, European Union countries and Turkey and the findings and limitations of empirical research has revealed. The presence of important limitations of the studies in the literature, indicate that there have been no enough empirical evidence that support the mandatory audit firm rotation or mandatory audit partner rotation decisions of countries.

Sustainable development is an issue that attracts worldwide attention since 1970s. Banking industry takes the question of sustainable development and sustainability into serious consideration as well. Many a global organization including most particularly IFC, GRI, UNEP FI, BEI, European Commission, and UN Global Compact Network have conducted various studies relating to the consideration of environmental and social effects and reporting thereof within banking sector. There is a correspondingly rising emphasis placed on sustainability in Turkish banking sector. Sustainability reports are voluntarily published by banks operating in Turkish banking sector. In addition, there are three commercial banks listed in the ISE Corporate Sustainability Index. In this study, the contribution of the banking sector to sustainable development and sustainability did analyzed with a view to the sustainability practices in Turkish banking sector, and the sustainability reports of a specified group of commercial banks and a private equity development bank operating in Turkish banking sector did analyzed.

Kazanç üzerinden (ilgili standart gereği sadece kurumların kazançları) tahsil edilen verginin hesaplanmasından muhasebeleştirilmesine kadar geçen süre içerisinde karşımıza çeşitli zorluklar çıkmaktadır. Bu zorlukların temel sebebi; Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları ve Vergi Usul Kanunu arasındaki uyumsuzluklardan dolayı, üzerinden verginin hesaplanacağı iki farklı kar kavramının ortaya çıkmasıdır. Bunlardan ilki ilgili standart/standartların belirlediği esaslara göre hesaplanan ticari kar; diğeri ise, vergi kanunlarındaki ilke ve esaslara göre hesaplanan mali kardır. Ticari kar ve mali kar arasında oluşan farklar geçici bir özelliğe sahip ise, ilgili dönem bilançosunda ertelenmiş vergi olarak raporlanır. TMS-UMS 12 Gelir Vergileri Standardı söz konusu bu farkları açıklamaktadır. Söz konusu farklar; ertelenmiş vergi varlıkları ya da ertelenmiş vergi yükümlülükleri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı TMS-UMS 12 Gelir Vergileri Standardının incelenmesi ve söz konusu standardın uygulamasının ne şekilde yapılacağının açıklanması şeklinde olacaktır. Bununla birlikte bir uygulama örneği yardımıyla, TMS-UMS 12 Gelir Vergileri Standardı ile Türkiye’deki mevcut uygulama karşılaştırılmaktadır.

The data users need reliable financial statements when they make any decision. In this study we aim to identify the factors that determine fraud risk in financial statements by examining the listed firms in Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) over the period 2009 and 2013. Using quarterly data, we included 408 periods belonging 32 firms that have fraud risk and the control group consists of 20 firms with 400 periods in this analysis. By employing logistics regression analysis, we found that receivables turnover, financial leverage, gross profit margin, BV (Book Value) / MV (Market Value), natural logarithm of total assets, the total duration of the firms in the stock exchange, the big four auditing firm and z score are important factors to detect the fraud risk in financial statements. The correct classification rate of the logistic regression analysis is found 75.1%.

The main objective of the study is to examine whether accounting information is value relevant in both the food and beverage, and the conglomerate subsectors of the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). The study also compared the value relevance of accounting information for both sectors. A random sample of seven companies was selected from a total population of thirteen companies listed in the Food and Beverage subsector of the NSE. The study also took a random sample of another seven companies in the conglomerate subsector. Data were gathered from these companies for the period 2005 to 2014. Using the Ohlson (1995) model and the multiple regression method, we found that market price per share (MPS) is positively, but insignificantly related to book value per share (BVPS) and earnings per share (EPS) in the conglomerate sub sector. On the other hand, for food and beverage sub sector, MPS is positively and significantly related to BVPS and EPS. Accounting information is more value relevant in the food and beverage subsector than the conglomerate subsector as shown by the adjusted R2 of 0.89 for Food and Beverage subsector and 0.15 for the conglomerate sub sector. We recommended that accounting rules should be more sector-specific, and monitoring should be taken more seriously in the conglomerate subsector to enhance value relevance of accounting information in NSE.