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Open Access
Research article

The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities

Isabelle Roche Cerasi
Dept of Mobility and Economics, SINTEF Community, Trondheim, Norway
International Journal of Transport Development and Integration
|
Volume 6, Issue 1, 2022
|
Pages 37-57
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
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Abstract:

The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of autonomous and connected sweepers for cleaning pavements and cycle ways. Supported by sustainable policies, the networks of cycle ways are growing considerably outside cities, and their maintenance is demanding in terms of economic resources. The current study examines the idea of replacing manned service vehicles by autonomous sweepers in urban areas. Autonomous sweepers could be operated from a control room to perform planned and on-demand cleaning tasks. Tests were carried out with the S100N Spring developed by the Chinese company Idriverplus Technology Co., Ltd. The sweeper performance and efficiency have been evaluated (1) with gravel, leaves, pine cones and rubbish in a closed test area and (2) in real conditions, on two pavements in Kongsberg (Norway). The results from the cleaning tests and the interactions with vulnerable road users are presented. Challenges and limitations of the technology are discussed.

Keywords: Autonomous sweepers, Road maintenance, Robot, Safety, Sustainable city
References
1.
BEVEGELSE programme. NPRA https://www.vegvesen.no/fag/fokusomrader/forskninginnovasjon-og-utvikling/pagaende-programmer-og-prosjekter/bevegelse.
2.
Boschung. Urban-Sweeper. https://www.boschung.com/product/urban-sweeper-s2-0/.
3.
DustClean Robotech srl. https://www.robotechsrl.com/dustclean-en-robot-sweeper/.
4.
“ENWAY. Blitz One.” https://enway.ai/en/. [Google Scholar]
5.
Fenre, M.D., Klein-Paste, K., Bicycle rolling resistance under winter conditions. Cold Regions Science and Technology 187 (2021) 103282, 2021. coldregions.2021.103282. [Crossref]
6.
Nordin, L., Arvidsson A.K., Are winter road maintenance practices energy efficient? A geographical analysis in terms of traffic energy use. Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 41, pp. 163-174, 2014.
7.
Government, Cycling and Walking. https://www.regjeringen.no/no/sub/stedsutvikling/ ny-emner-og-eksempler/sykkeltrafikk/id612408/, 2016.
8.
Idriverplus Technology Co, Ltd. http://www.idriverplus.com/.
9.
Idriverplus Technology Co, Ltd. Map collection training documentation with H5. 2020.
10.
Karlsson, Roche Cerasi, I., Rise, T., Kartlegging av nye kjøretøy-eller maskinteknologier for vinterdrift av gang-og sykkelveger. SINTEF Report 2020:00525, 2020. ISBN 978- 82-14-06506-0.
11.
Kramberger, T., Žerovnik, J., A contribution to environmentally friendly winter road maintenance: optimizing road de-icing. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 13, Issue 5, pp. 340–346, 2008. doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2008.03.007.
12.
Kummeneje, A.-M., Ryeng, E. O., Rundmo, T., Seasonal variation in risk perception and travel behaviour among cyclists in a Norwegian urban area. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 124, pp. 40–49, 2019. [Crossref]
13.
Kummeneje, A.M., Risk Perception, Worry, Attitudes Towards Safety, and Behaviour among Norwegian Cyclists and Pedestrians. Doctoral theses, NTNU. 2020:390, 2020.
14.
“Left Hand Robotics.” https://lefthandrobotics.com/. [Google Scholar]
15.
Lumebot. https://www.linkedin.com/company/lumebot/about/.
16.
Min, J., Fu, L., Usman, T., Tan, Z., Does winter road maintenance help reduce air emissions and fuel consumption?. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment Vol. 48, pp 85-95, 2016. [Crossref]
17.
Mitra, R., Khachatrian, A., Hess, P. M., Do new urban and suburban cycling facilities encourage more bicycling?. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 97, 2021. [Crossref]
18.
Perrier, N., Langevin, A., Campbell, J.F., A survey of models and algorithms for winter road maintenance. Part I: system design for spreading and plowing. Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 33, Issue 1, pp. 209-238, 2006. cor.2004.07.006. [Crossref]
19.
National transport plan 2022-2033, https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/transport-ogkommunikasjon/nasjonal-transportplan/id2475111/, 2021.
20.
Norwegian Public Roads Administration,. Winter Road Maintenance. https://www. vegvesen.no/fag/veg+og+gate/drift+og+vedlikehold/Vinterdrift, 2020.
21.
Road directorate Standard manual R610. Published by NPRA. ISBN: 978-82-7207- 655-8 https://www.vegvesen.no/_attachment/61430/binary/964067?fast_title=H%C3 %A5ndbok+R610+Standard+for+drift+og+vedlikehold+av+riksveger.pdf, 2014.
22.
Ronke, R., Procedure for mapping an area for autonomous operations of the Spring S100N sweeper. Applied Autonomy AS 2020.
23.
“Spring Mobility GmbH.” https://getspring.co/. [Google Scholar]
24.
Spring – S100N User Manual, (Spring Mobility GmbH). 2020.
25.
Test-arena Kongsberg - City&Lab. https://www.cityandlab.no/.
26.
Zítková, J., Hegrová, J., Anděl, P., Bioindication of road salting impact on Norway spruce (Picea abies). Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 59, pp. 58–67, 2018. [Crossref]
Cite this:
APA Style
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BibTex Style
MLA Style
Chicago Style
GB-T-7714-2015
Cerasi, I. R. (2022). The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities. Int. J. Transp. Dev. Integr., 6(1), 37-57. https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V6-N1-37-57
I. R. Cerasi, "The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities," Int. J. Transp. Dev. Integr., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 37-57, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V6-N1-37-57
@research-article{Cerasi2022ThePO,
title={The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities},
author={Isabelle Roche Cerasi},
journal={International Journal of Transport Development and Integration},
year={2022},
page={37-57},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V6-N1-37-57}
}
Isabelle Roche Cerasi, et al. "The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities." International Journal of Transport Development and Integration, v 6, pp 37-57. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V6-N1-37-57
Isabelle Roche Cerasi. "The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities." International Journal of Transport Development and Integration, 6, (2022): 37-57. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V6-N1-37-57
CERASI I R. The Potential of Autonomous and Connected Sweepers for Smart and Sustainable Cities[J]. International Journal of Transport Development and Integration， 2022， 6(1)： 37-57. https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V6-N1-37-57