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[1] Directive (EU) 2016/798 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on railway safety.
[2] Directive (EU) 2016/797 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union.
[3] Guide – Issuing a safety certificate or safety authorization, European Railway Agency, 12 June 2015, 86 pages.
[4] Impact Assessment Report – Accreditation & Recognition schemes: CSM on Risk Assessment. European Railway Agency, 22 May 2012, 49 pages.
[5] Report on the certification of ERTMS equipment. The European Railway Agency, 14 April 2011, Document reference: ERA/REP/2011-08/ERTMS, 51 pages.
[6] Jovicic, D., CSM for risk assessment: Proactive decision making instrument Consequences and benefits of latest changes. Safety Conference of Danish Transport and Construction Agency – Copenhagen, 28 October 2015, presentation, 50 slides.
[7] Jovicic, D., CSM for risk assessment (Reg. 402/2013) & Requirements for CSM Assessment Body. NAB/RB Training Workshop in Valenciennes, April 2016, presentation 63 slides.
[8] Jovicic, D., Explanatory note on the CSM Assessment Body referred to in Regulation (EU) N°402/2013 and in OTIF UTP GEN-G of 1.1.2014 on the Common Safety Method (CSM) for risk assessment, The European Railway Agency. Document reference: ERA/GUI/01-2014/SAF, 17 pages.
[9] Guide for the application of the CSM design targets (CSM-DT). The European Railway Agency. 23 December 2016, Document reference: ERA-REC-116-2015-GUI, version 1, 139 pages.
[10] Issuing a safety certificate or safety authorisation – a guide for national safety authorities. The European Railway Agency, 12 June 2015, Document reference: ERA/GUI/11-2013/SAF V 2.1, 86 pages.
[11] Collection of examples of risk assessments and of some possible tools supporting the CSM Regulation. The European Railway Agency, 06 January 2009, Reference: ERA/GUI/02-2008/SAF, version 1.0, 105 pages.
[12] Common Safety Method (CSM), risk evaluation and assessment. The European Railway Agency, Published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 29th of April 2009, 4 pages.
[13] Regulation (EU) No 402/2013 of 30 April 2013 on the common safety method for risk evaluation and assessment and repealing Regulation (EC) No 352/2009.
[14] Directive 2004/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on safety on the Community’s railways (Railway Safety Directive).
[15] Regulation (EC) No 352/2009 of 24 April 2009 on the adoption of a common safety method on risk evaluation and assessment as referred to in Article 6(3)(a) of Directive 2004/49/EC.
[16] EN 50126 Railway Applications: The Specification and Demonstration of Dependability Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS). CENELEC European standard, 2002.
[17] EN 50128 Railway Applications: Communications, signalling and processing systems – Software for railway control and protection systems. CENELEC European standard, 2003.
[18] EN 50129 Railway Applications: Safety related electronic systems for signalling. CENELEC European standard, 2003.
[19] Regulation (EU) No 1158/2010 of 9 December 2010 on a common safety method for assessing conformity with the requirements for obtaining railway safety certificates.
[20] Regulation (EU) No 1169/2010 of 10 December 2010 on a common safety method for assessing conformity with the requirements for obtaining a railway safety authorisation.
[21] Coenraad, W., Cross-Acceptance of Signalling Systems – The Myths and the Reality. IRSE News Letter, Honk Kong Section, September 2006, Issue 22, 6 pages. Aleš Filip et al., Int. J. Transp. Dev. Integr., Vol. 2, No. 3 (2018) 297
[22] Munck, S., New CENELEC Standards & CSM-RA, RAMBOLL, 2017, presentation 29 slides.
[23] Minimum operational performance standards for GPS WAAS Airborne Equipment. RTCA DO-229D: RTCA, Inc., Washington, 2006.
[24] Regulation (EU) 2015/1136 of 13 July 2015 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No 402/2013 on the common safety method for risk evaluation and assessment.
[25] Regulation (EU) No 1077/2012 of 16 November 2012 on a common safety method for supervision by national safety authorities after issuing a safety certificate or safety authorisation.
[26] Regulation (EU) No 1078/2012 of 16 November 2012 on a common safety method for monitoring to be applied by railway undertakings, infrastructure managers after receiving a safety certificate or safety authorisation and by entities in charge of maintenance.
[27] Regulation (EU) No 445/2011 of 10 May 2011 on a system of certification of entities in charge of maintenance for freight wagons and amending Regulation (EC) No 653/2007.
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Acadlore takes over the publication of IJTDI from 2025 Vol. 9, No. 4. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS

Aleš Filip1,
Salvatore Sabina2,
Francesco Rispoli2
1
University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
2
Ansaldo STS (A Hitachi Group Company), Genoa, Italy
International Journal of Transport Development and Integration
|
Volume 2, Issue 3, 2018
|
Pages 284-297
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: 09-29-2018
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

The Virtual Balise concept has been demonstrated and shared among the ERTMS community as a mean to replace the physical balises by implementing a train Location Determination System (LDS) based on GNSS. It is evidenced both by the results of recent and current EC-supported R&D projects (e.g. 3InSat, ERSAT EAV, STARS, RHINOS, NGTC), the Sardinia Trial Site (Cagliari – San Gavino double track lines) equipped with a ERTMS Level 2 based system with Virtual Balises and the Ansaldo STS Freight SIL 4 ERTMS Level 2 system based on GPS L1 positioning system in commercial service in Australia.

In order to introduce the safe high-integrity LDS system into ERTMS/ ETCS and use it in railway operations in EU member states (MSs), it is necessary to develop and to authorize it according to relevant European and national regulations. It means that this LDS and its integration into ERTMS must pass through a certification and authorization process compliant with the applicable CENELEC standards and EU regulations.

This article deals with a possible certification process of a train LDS as a new subsystem of the ERTMS/ETCS interoperability constituents. Special attention is paid to a possible certification strategy in case of external GNSS safety-of-life service employment via an augmentation network. A possible certification framework for the whole LDS comprising on-board and trackside subsystems is outlined as well. Since the introduction of GNSS into ERTMS/ETCS represents a significant change within EU railway network, then the required common safety method must be applied. In this framework, a new pilot line has been launched by RFI with Ansaldo STS aiming to contribute to the identification of a possible certification process for deploying an ERTMS Level 2, baseline 3 with GNSS localization and public telecom solutions by 2020.

Keywords: Certification, EGNOS, Galileo, GNSS, GPS, Railway signalling, Safety, Safety case
References
[1] Directive (EU) 2016/798 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on railway safety.
[2] Directive (EU) 2016/797 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union.
[3] Guide – Issuing a safety certificate or safety authorization, European Railway Agency, 12 June 2015, 86 pages.
[4] Impact Assessment Report – Accreditation & Recognition schemes: CSM on Risk Assessment. European Railway Agency, 22 May 2012, 49 pages.
[5] Report on the certification of ERTMS equipment. The European Railway Agency, 14 April 2011, Document reference: ERA/REP/2011-08/ERTMS, 51 pages.
[6] Jovicic, D., CSM for risk assessment: Proactive decision making instrument Consequences and benefits of latest changes. Safety Conference of Danish Transport and Construction Agency – Copenhagen, 28 October 2015, presentation, 50 slides.
[7] Jovicic, D., CSM for risk assessment (Reg. 402/2013) & Requirements for CSM Assessment Body. NAB/RB Training Workshop in Valenciennes, April 2016, presentation 63 slides.
[8] Jovicic, D., Explanatory note on the CSM Assessment Body referred to in Regulation (EU) N°402/2013 and in OTIF UTP GEN-G of 1.1.2014 on the Common Safety Method (CSM) for risk assessment, The European Railway Agency. Document reference: ERA/GUI/01-2014/SAF, 17 pages.
[9] Guide for the application of the CSM design targets (CSM-DT). The European Railway Agency. 23 December 2016, Document reference: ERA-REC-116-2015-GUI, version 1, 139 pages.
[10] Issuing a safety certificate or safety authorisation – a guide for national safety authorities. The European Railway Agency, 12 June 2015, Document reference: ERA/GUI/11-2013/SAF V 2.1, 86 pages.
[11] Collection of examples of risk assessments and of some possible tools supporting the CSM Regulation. The European Railway Agency, 06 January 2009, Reference: ERA/GUI/02-2008/SAF, version 1.0, 105 pages.
[12] Common Safety Method (CSM), risk evaluation and assessment. The European Railway Agency, Published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 29th of April 2009, 4 pages.
[13] Regulation (EU) No 402/2013 of 30 April 2013 on the common safety method for risk evaluation and assessment and repealing Regulation (EC) No 352/2009.
[14] Directive 2004/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on safety on the Community’s railways (Railway Safety Directive).
[15] Regulation (EC) No 352/2009 of 24 April 2009 on the adoption of a common safety method on risk evaluation and assessment as referred to in Article 6(3)(a) of Directive 2004/49/EC.
[16] EN 50126 Railway Applications: The Specification and Demonstration of Dependability Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS). CENELEC European standard, 2002.
[17] EN 50128 Railway Applications: Communications, signalling and processing systems – Software for railway control and protection systems. CENELEC European standard, 2003.
[18] EN 50129 Railway Applications: Safety related electronic systems for signalling. CENELEC European standard, 2003.
[19] Regulation (EU) No 1158/2010 of 9 December 2010 on a common safety method for assessing conformity with the requirements for obtaining railway safety certificates.
[20] Regulation (EU) No 1169/2010 of 10 December 2010 on a common safety method for assessing conformity with the requirements for obtaining a railway safety authorisation.
[21] Coenraad, W., Cross-Acceptance of Signalling Systems – The Myths and the Reality. IRSE News Letter, Honk Kong Section, September 2006, Issue 22, 6 pages. Aleš Filip et al., Int. J. Transp. Dev. Integr., Vol. 2, No. 3 (2018) 297
[22] Munck, S., New CENELEC Standards & CSM-RA, RAMBOLL, 2017, presentation 29 slides.
[23] Minimum operational performance standards for GPS WAAS Airborne Equipment. RTCA DO-229D: RTCA, Inc., Washington, 2006.
[24] Regulation (EU) 2015/1136 of 13 July 2015 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No 402/2013 on the common safety method for risk evaluation and assessment.
[25] Regulation (EU) No 1077/2012 of 16 November 2012 on a common safety method for supervision by national safety authorities after issuing a safety certificate or safety authorisation.
[26] Regulation (EU) No 1078/2012 of 16 November 2012 on a common safety method for monitoring to be applied by railway undertakings, infrastructure managers after receiving a safety certificate or safety authorisation and by entities in charge of maintenance.
[27] Regulation (EU) No 445/2011 of 10 May 2011 on a system of certification of entities in charge of maintenance for freight wagons and amending Regulation (EC) No 653/2007.
Cite this:
APA Style
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BibTex Style
MLA Style
Chicago Style
GB-T-7714-2015
Filip, A., Sabina, S., & Rispoli, F. (2018). A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS. Int. J. Transp. Dev. Integr., 2(3), 284-297. https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V2-N3-284-297
A. Filip, S. Sabina, and F. Rispoli, "A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS," Int. J. Transp. Dev. Integr., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 284-297, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V2-N3-284-297
@research-article{Filip2018AFF,
title={A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS},
author={Aleš Filip and Salvatore Sabina and Francesco Rispoli},
journal={International Journal of Transport Development and Integration},
year={2018},
page={284-297},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V2-N3-284-297}
}
Aleš Filip, et al. "A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS." International Journal of Transport Development and Integration, v 2, pp 284-297. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V2-N3-284-297
Aleš Filip, Salvatore Sabina and Francesco Rispoli. "A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS." International Journal of Transport Development and Integration, 2, (2018): 284-297. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V2-N3-284-297
FILIP A， SABINA S， RISPOLI F. A Framework for Certification of Train Location Determination System Based on GNSS for ERTMS/ETCS[J]. International Journal of Transport Development and Integration， 2018， 2(3)： 284-297. https://doi.org/10.2495/TDI-V2-N3-284-297