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[1] Gherghel, A., Teodosiu, C., Notarnicola, M. & De Gisi, S., Sustainable design of large wastewater treatment plants considering multi-criteria decision analysis and stakehold- ers’ involvement. Journal of Environmental Management, 261, 110158, 2020. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110158
[2] Kiselev, A., Magaril, E. & Rada, E.C., Energy and sustainability assessment of municipal wastewater treatment under circular economy paradigm. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 237, pp. 109–120, 2019. [Crossref]
[3] Casiano Flores, C., Bressers, H., Gutierrez, C. & de Boer, C., Towards circular economy– a wastewater treatment perspective, the Presa Guadalupe case. Management Research Review, 41(5), pp. 554–571, 2018. [Crossref]
[4] Capodaglio, A.G. & Olsson, G., Energy issues in sustainable urban wastewater man- agement: Use, demand reduction and recovery in the urban water cycle. Sustainability, 12(1), 266, 2020. [Crossref]
[5] Yu, Y., Zou, Z. & Wang, S., Statistical regression modeling for energy consumption in wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 75, pp. 201–208, 2019. [Crossref]
[6] Langone, M., Ferrentino, R., Trombino, G., Waubert De Puiseau, D, Rada, E.C. & Rag- azzi, M., Application of a novel hydrodynamic cavitation system in wastewater treat- ment plants. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D, 77(1), pp. 225–234, 2015.
[7] Yan, P., Qin, R.-C., Guo, J.-S., Yu, Q., Li, Z., Shen, Y. & Fang, F., Net-zero-energy model for sustainable wastewater treatment. Environmental Science and Technology, 51(2), pp. 1017–1023, 2017. [Crossref]
[8] Awad, H., Gar Alalm, M. & El-Etriby, H.K., Environmental and cost life cycle assess- ment of different alternatives for improvement of wastewater treatment plants in devel- oping countries. Science of the Total Environment, 660, pp. 57–68, 2019. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.386
[9] Hares, M. & Dayem, M. Abdel, Difficulties encountered in executing and running of waste water plants in developing countries, Coating Conference, Proceedings of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, pp. 175–185, 2017.
[10] Ragazzi, M., Catellani, R., Rada, E.C., Torretta, V. & Salazar-Valenzuela, X., Manage- ment of urban wastewater on one of the Galapagos Islands. Sustainability, 8(3), 208, 2016. [Crossref]
[11] Saidani, M., Yannou, B., Leroy, Y., Cluzel, F. & Kendall, A., A taxonomy of circular economy indicators. Journal of Cleaner Production, 207, pp. 542–559, 2019. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.014
[12] Pinter, L., International Experience in Establishing Indicators for the Circular Econ- omy and Considerations for China, Report for the Environment and Social Develop- ment Sector Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region, The World Bank, 2006. Online https:// www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/publications/measure_circular_economy_china.pdf Accessed on: 22 Feb. 2020.
[13] Lind, M., Witherspoon, J., Gokul, B. & Surti, J., From wastewater treatment to total resource recovery – Changes are happening in Auckland, NZ, 86th Annual Water Envi- ronment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, 9, pp. 5729–5747, 2013.
[14] Oladejo, J., Shi, K., Luo, X., Yang, G. & Wu, T., A review of sludge-to-energy recovery methods. Energies, 12(1), 60, 2019. [Crossref]
[15] Kiselev, A., Magaril, E., Magaril, R., Panepinto, D., Ravina, M. & Zanetti, M.C., Towards circular economy: Evaluation of sewage sludge biogas solutions. Resources, 8(2), 91, 2019. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/resources8020091
[16] Turovskiy, I.S., Sewage Sludge. Dewatering & Disinfection, DeLi Print Publ.: Moscow, 375 p., 2008.
[17] Bernadiner, I.M., Stepanova, T.A., Klyuchniko, A.D., Chevychelov, D.D., Khoreva, P.V., Nikolayev, D.A., Toumanovsky, V.A. & Bernadiner, M.N., Thermal methods of sewage sludge neutralization. Ecology and Industry of Russia, 7, pp. 4–7, 2012 (In Russ.).
[18] Paukov, A., Magaril, R. & Magaril, E., An investigation of the feasibility of the organic municipal solid waste processing by coking. Sustainability, 11(2), 389, 2019. https:// doi.org/ 10.3390/su11020389
[19] Merzari, F., Langone, M., Andreottola, G. & Fiori, L., Methane production from pro- cess water of sewage sludge hydrothermal carbonization. A review. Valorising sludge through hydrothermal carbonization. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 49(11), pp. 947–988, 2019. [Crossref]
[20] Rada, E.C., Ragazzi, M., Villotti, S. & Torretta, V., Sewage sludge drying by energy recovery from OFMSW composting: Preliminary feasibility evaluation. Waste Man- agement, 34(5), pp. 859–866, 2014. https://doi.org/1010.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.013
[21] Pintilie, L., Torres, C.M., Teodosiu, C. & Castells, F., Urban wastewater reclamation for industrial reuse: An LCA case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 139(15), pp. 1–14, 2016. [Crossref]
[22] Molina-Moreno, V., Leyva-Díaz, J.C., Llorens-Montes, F.J. & Cortés-García, F.G., Design of indicators of circular economy as instruments for the evaluation of sustain- ability and efficiency in wastewater from pig farming industry. Water, 9, 653, 2017. [Crossref]
[23] Buonocore, E., Mellino, S., De Angelis, G., Liu, G. & Ulgiati, S., Life cycle assessment indicators of urban wastewater and sewage sludge treatment. Ecological Indicators, 94, pp. 13–23, 2018. [Crossref]
[24] Grönlund, S.E., Indicators and methods to assess sustainability of wastewater sludge management in the perspective of two systems ecology models. Ecological Indicators, 100, pp. 45–54, 2019. [Crossref]
[25] Papangelou, A., Achten, W. & Mathijs, E., Phosphorus and energy flows through the food system of Brussels capital region. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 156, 104687, 2020. [Crossref]
[26] Fisher, R.M., Alvarez-Gaitan, J.P., Stuetz, R.M. & Moore, S.J., Sulfur flows and biosol- ids processing: Using material flux analysis (MFA) principles at wastewater treatment plants. Journal of Environmental Management, 198, pp. 153–162, 2017. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.056
[27] Yuan, H., Xing, S., Lu, T., Huhetaoli, Chen, Y. & Kobayashi, N., Main organic pollut- ants migration and transformation laws in sewage sludge landfill and composting pro- cess. WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health, 18, pp. 1183–1190, 2014. https:// doi.org/10.2495/HHME131342
[28] Mills, N., Pearce, P., Farrow, J., Thrope, R.B. & Kirkby, N.F., Environmental & economic life cycle assessment of current & future sewage sludge to energy technologies. Waste Management, 34, pp.185–195, 2014. [Crossref]
[29] Grilc, V., Mislej, V. & Šalej, S., Thermal utilisation of biologically stabilised and dried waste sludge from wastewater treatment plants. 3rd International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste, Venice, 2010.
[30] Chen, G., Wang, X., Li, J., Yan, B., Wang, Y., Wu, X., Velichkova, R., Cheng, Z. & Ma, W., Environmental, energy, and economic analysis of integrated treatment of municipal solid waste and sewage sludge: A case study in China. Science of the Total Environment, 647, pp.1433–1443, 2019. [Crossref]
[31] Pincetl, S., A living city: Using urban metabolism analysis to view cities as life forms. Metropolitan Sustainability Understanding and Improving the Urban Environment, pp. 3–25, 2012. [Crossref]
[32] Soundararajan, K., Ho, H.K. & Su, B., Sankey diagram framework for energy and exergy flows. Applied Energy, 136, pp.1035–1042, 2014. apenergy.2014.08.070 [Crossref]
[33] Trulli, E., Torretta, V. & Rada, E.C., Water restoration of an urbanized karst stream by free-water-surface constructed wetlands as municipal wastewater post treatment. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D, 78(4), pp. 163–174, 2016.
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Acadlore takes over the publication of IJEPM from 2025 Vol. 10, No. 3. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy

Andrey Kiselev1,2,
Irina Glushankova3,
Larisa Rudakova3,
Andrey Baynkin3,
Elena Magaril1,
Elena Cristina Rada4
1
Department of Environmental Economics, Ural Federal University, Russia
2
Department of Investment Program, Municipal Unitary Enterprise for Water Supply and Sewerage, Russia
3
Department of Environmental Protection, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Russia
4
Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
International Journal of Energy Production and Management
|
Volume 5, Issue 3, 2020
|
Pages 234-244
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: 09-29-2020
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

In the last decades, the amount of municipal sewage sludge generation rate has drastically increased due to population growth, spatial sewerage system development, and implementation of new treatment techniques. Nowadays, it is considered a globally prominent issue. Municipal sewage sludge contains pathogenic bacteria and viruses along with heavy metals, poorly biodegradable organic compounds, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics, which make its utilization management quite difficult. Landfill placement of sewage sludge is the most widely used technique worldwide, but is obsolete and inefficient, and accompanied by significant risk of environmental pollution with high logistics expenditure. Moreover, landfill placement means that all residual energy and potential material reuse applications are lost. The introduction of modern treatment techniques can solve the problem with sewage sludge generation, but it results in strong energy consumption increase of energy consumption. Moderniza- tion and operational policies based on circular economy principles are focused on relevant sewage sludge utilization issues with the potential use of waste-to-energy and recycling applications. The paper presents a methodological approach of cradle-to-grave assessment of sewage sludge treatment process based on energy and material flow analysis. The proposed methodology is studied within the real operational activities of big-scale wastewater treatment plants of two of the largest cities of Russia – Ekaterinburg and Perm. This investigation provides an efficient managerial tool for sustainable development that can be used by wide range of stakeholders.

Keywords: anaerobic digestion, assessment, circular economy, pyrolysis, sewage sludge, sludge drying, waste-to-energy
References
[1] Gherghel, A., Teodosiu, C., Notarnicola, M. & De Gisi, S., Sustainable design of large wastewater treatment plants considering multi-criteria decision analysis and stakehold- ers’ involvement. Journal of Environmental Management, 261, 110158, 2020. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110158
[2] Kiselev, A., Magaril, E. & Rada, E.C., Energy and sustainability assessment of municipal wastewater treatment under circular economy paradigm. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 237, pp. 109–120, 2019. [Crossref]
[3] Casiano Flores, C., Bressers, H., Gutierrez, C. & de Boer, C., Towards circular economy– a wastewater treatment perspective, the Presa Guadalupe case. Management Research Review, 41(5), pp. 554–571, 2018. [Crossref]
[4] Capodaglio, A.G. & Olsson, G., Energy issues in sustainable urban wastewater man- agement: Use, demand reduction and recovery in the urban water cycle. Sustainability, 12(1), 266, 2020. [Crossref]
[5] Yu, Y., Zou, Z. & Wang, S., Statistical regression modeling for energy consumption in wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 75, pp. 201–208, 2019. [Crossref]
[6] Langone, M., Ferrentino, R., Trombino, G., Waubert De Puiseau, D, Rada, E.C. & Rag- azzi, M., Application of a novel hydrodynamic cavitation system in wastewater treat- ment plants. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D, 77(1), pp. 225–234, 2015.
[7] Yan, P., Qin, R.-C., Guo, J.-S., Yu, Q., Li, Z., Shen, Y. & Fang, F., Net-zero-energy model for sustainable wastewater treatment. Environmental Science and Technology, 51(2), pp. 1017–1023, 2017. [Crossref]
[8] Awad, H., Gar Alalm, M. & El-Etriby, H.K., Environmental and cost life cycle assess- ment of different alternatives for improvement of wastewater treatment plants in devel- oping countries. Science of the Total Environment, 660, pp. 57–68, 2019. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.386
[9] Hares, M. & Dayem, M. Abdel, Difficulties encountered in executing and running of waste water plants in developing countries, Coating Conference, Proceedings of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, pp. 175–185, 2017.
[10] Ragazzi, M., Catellani, R., Rada, E.C., Torretta, V. & Salazar-Valenzuela, X., Manage- ment of urban wastewater on one of the Galapagos Islands. Sustainability, 8(3), 208, 2016. [Crossref]
[11] Saidani, M., Yannou, B., Leroy, Y., Cluzel, F. & Kendall, A., A taxonomy of circular economy indicators. Journal of Cleaner Production, 207, pp. 542–559, 2019. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.014
[12] Pinter, L., International Experience in Establishing Indicators for the Circular Econ- omy and Considerations for China, Report for the Environment and Social Develop- ment Sector Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region, The World Bank, 2006. Online https:// www.iisd.org/sites/default/files/publications/measure_circular_economy_china.pdf Accessed on: 22 Feb. 2020.
[13] Lind, M., Witherspoon, J., Gokul, B. & Surti, J., From wastewater treatment to total resource recovery – Changes are happening in Auckland, NZ, 86th Annual Water Envi- ronment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, 9, pp. 5729–5747, 2013.
[14] Oladejo, J., Shi, K., Luo, X., Yang, G. & Wu, T., A review of sludge-to-energy recovery methods. Energies, 12(1), 60, 2019. [Crossref]
[15] Kiselev, A., Magaril, E., Magaril, R., Panepinto, D., Ravina, M. & Zanetti, M.C., Towards circular economy: Evaluation of sewage sludge biogas solutions. Resources, 8(2), 91, 2019. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/resources8020091
[16] Turovskiy, I.S., Sewage Sludge. Dewatering & Disinfection, DeLi Print Publ.: Moscow, 375 p., 2008.
[17] Bernadiner, I.M., Stepanova, T.A., Klyuchniko, A.D., Chevychelov, D.D., Khoreva, P.V., Nikolayev, D.A., Toumanovsky, V.A. & Bernadiner, M.N., Thermal methods of sewage sludge neutralization. Ecology and Industry of Russia, 7, pp. 4–7, 2012 (In Russ.).
[18] Paukov, A., Magaril, R. & Magaril, E., An investigation of the feasibility of the organic municipal solid waste processing by coking. Sustainability, 11(2), 389, 2019. https:// doi.org/ 10.3390/su11020389
[19] Merzari, F., Langone, M., Andreottola, G. & Fiori, L., Methane production from pro- cess water of sewage sludge hydrothermal carbonization. A review. Valorising sludge through hydrothermal carbonization. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 49(11), pp. 947–988, 2019. [Crossref]
[20] Rada, E.C., Ragazzi, M., Villotti, S. & Torretta, V., Sewage sludge drying by energy recovery from OFMSW composting: Preliminary feasibility evaluation. Waste Man- agement, 34(5), pp. 859–866, 2014. https://doi.org/1010.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.013
[21] Pintilie, L., Torres, C.M., Teodosiu, C. & Castells, F., Urban wastewater reclamation for industrial reuse: An LCA case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 139(15), pp. 1–14, 2016. [Crossref]
[22] Molina-Moreno, V., Leyva-Díaz, J.C., Llorens-Montes, F.J. & Cortés-García, F.G., Design of indicators of circular economy as instruments for the evaluation of sustain- ability and efficiency in wastewater from pig farming industry. Water, 9, 653, 2017. [Crossref]
[23] Buonocore, E., Mellino, S., De Angelis, G., Liu, G. & Ulgiati, S., Life cycle assessment indicators of urban wastewater and sewage sludge treatment. Ecological Indicators, 94, pp. 13–23, 2018. [Crossref]
[24] Grönlund, S.E., Indicators and methods to assess sustainability of wastewater sludge management in the perspective of two systems ecology models. Ecological Indicators, 100, pp. 45–54, 2019. [Crossref]
[25] Papangelou, A., Achten, W. & Mathijs, E., Phosphorus and energy flows through the food system of Brussels capital region. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 156, 104687, 2020. [Crossref]
[26] Fisher, R.M., Alvarez-Gaitan, J.P., Stuetz, R.M. & Moore, S.J., Sulfur flows and biosol- ids processing: Using material flux analysis (MFA) principles at wastewater treatment plants. Journal of Environmental Management, 198, pp. 153–162, 2017. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.056
[27] Yuan, H., Xing, S., Lu, T., Huhetaoli, Chen, Y. & Kobayashi, N., Main organic pollut- ants migration and transformation laws in sewage sludge landfill and composting pro- cess. WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health, 18, pp. 1183–1190, 2014. https:// doi.org/10.2495/HHME131342
[28] Mills, N., Pearce, P., Farrow, J., Thrope, R.B. & Kirkby, N.F., Environmental & economic life cycle assessment of current & future sewage sludge to energy technologies. Waste Management, 34, pp.185–195, 2014. [Crossref]
[29] Grilc, V., Mislej, V. & Šalej, S., Thermal utilisation of biologically stabilised and dried waste sludge from wastewater treatment plants. 3rd International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste, Venice, 2010.
[30] Chen, G., Wang, X., Li, J., Yan, B., Wang, Y., Wu, X., Velichkova, R., Cheng, Z. & Ma, W., Environmental, energy, and economic analysis of integrated treatment of municipal solid waste and sewage sludge: A case study in China. Science of the Total Environment, 647, pp.1433–1443, 2019. [Crossref]
[31] Pincetl, S., A living city: Using urban metabolism analysis to view cities as life forms. Metropolitan Sustainability Understanding and Improving the Urban Environment, pp. 3–25, 2012. [Crossref]
[32] Soundararajan, K., Ho, H.K. & Su, B., Sankey diagram framework for energy and exergy flows. Applied Energy, 136, pp.1035–1042, 2014. apenergy.2014.08.070 [Crossref]
[33] Trulli, E., Torretta, V. & Rada, E.C., Water restoration of an urbanized karst stream by free-water-surface constructed wetlands as municipal wastewater post treatment. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D, 78(4), pp. 163–174, 2016.
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Kiselev, A., Glushankova, I., Rudakova, L., Baynkin, A., Magaril, E., & Rada, E. C. (2020). Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy. Int. J. Energy Prod. Manag., 5(3), 234-244. https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N3-234-244
A. Kiselev, I. Glushankova, L. Rudakova, A. Baynkin, E. Magaril, and E. C. Rada, "Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy," Int. J. Energy Prod. Manag., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 234-244, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N3-234-244
@research-article{Kiselev2020EnergyAM,
title={Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy},
author={Andrey Kiselev and Irina Glushankova and Larisa Rudakova and Andrey Baynkin and Elena Magaril and Elena Cristina Rada},
journal={International Journal of Energy Production and Management},
year={2020},
page={234-244},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N3-234-244}
}
Andrey Kiselev, et al. "Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy." International Journal of Energy Production and Management, v 5, pp 234-244. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N3-234-244
Andrey Kiselev, Irina Glushankova, Larisa Rudakova, Andrey Baynkin, Elena Magaril and Elena Cristina Rada. "Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy." International Journal of Energy Production and Management, 5, (2020): 234-244. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N3-234-244
KISELEV A， GLUSHANKOVA I， RUDAKOVA L， et al. Energy and Material Assessment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Applications Under Circular Economy[J]. International Journal of Energy Production and Management， 2020， 5(3)： 234-244. https://doi.org/10.2495/EQ-V5-N3-234-244