Spatial Modeling of Cement Dust Pollution on Soil Properties in Western Iraq

This research examines the effect of cement dust pollution on soil properties in Iraq's arid western region, particularly in the context of the area surrounding the Kubaisa Cement Plant. Spatial modeling methods were used by researchers to collect and analyze 32 soil samples at two different distances from the plant to assess chemical and physical changes to soil properties. Major findings showed higher concentrations of heavy metals like lead and lithium, higher alkalinity levels of soil, and higher particulate matter and CO₂ concentrations close to the source of the pollution. Even with present pollutants, ecological and environmental indices revealed low levels of contamination and ecological risk, on the whole. The findings indicate the continuing effects of industrial emissions on soil integrity and establish the necessity for focused measures to avert ecological and public health risks and help protect the environment.