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Open AccessPerformance Evaluation of a Constructed Wetland System for Wastewater Treatment in the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) Area, India
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This study evaluates the performance of a Constructed Wetland (CW) system designed for wastewater treatment in the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) area, a rapidly urbanizing industrial and residential hub in India's National Capital Region (NCR). Utilizing Phragmites and Typha as primary phytoremediation species, the system leveraged their biological uptake mechanisms and physical filtration capacity to achieve notable water quality improvements, including significant reductions in key parameters: TSS (98.78%), COD (93.33%), BOD₅ (97.83%), Ammonia-N (82.52%), Total Nitrogen (91.69%), Total Coliforms (98.64%), and turbidity (23.08%), while maintaining stable pH within acceptable reuse ranges. The treated water was reused for landscaping, irrigation, and industrial cooling, promoting resource recovery and sustainable water management. This research demonstrates the synergistic performance of Phragmites and Typha in a semi-arid Indian context—a novel contribution, as this combination has not been widely studied under such climatic conditions. The findings underscore CW systems as cost-effective, low-maintenance, and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional wastewater treatment, offering a replicable model for nature-based solutions in developing regions.
