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[1] European Commission (2000/60/EC), Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy, Official Journal L 327, 2000.
[2] Christoffels, E., Mertens, F.M., Kistemann, T. & Schreiber, C., Retention of pharmaceutical residues and microorganisms at the Altendorf retention soil filter, Water Science & Technology, 70(9), pp. 1503–1509, 2014. [Crossref]
[3] Scheurer, M., Heß, S., Lüddeke, F., Sacher, F., Güde, H., Löffler, H. & Gallert, C., Removal of micropollutants, facultative pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria in a full-scale retention soil filter receiving combined sewer overflow. Environmental Science, Processes & Impacts, 17, p. 186, 2015. [Crossref]
[4] Frechen, F.B., Neue Erkenntnisse zur Mischwasserbehandlung in Retentionsbodenfiltern: Leistungsfähigkeit, Nährstoffe, Hygiene. Planung, Bau und Betrieb: Hennef, Düsseldorf, 2012.
[5] Tondera, K., Koenen, S. & Pinnekamp, J., Survey monitoring results on the reduction of micropollutants, bacteria, bacteriophages and TSS in retention soil filters. Water Science & Technology, 68(5), pp. 1004–1012, 2013. [Crossref]
[6] DWA (Deutsche Vereinigung für Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V.), Merkblatt DWA-M 178, Empfehlungen für Planung, Bau und Betrieb von Retentionsbodenfiltern zur weitergehenden Regenwasserbehandlung im Misch- und Trennsystem. ISBN 3-937758-37-2, Hennef, Deutschland, 2005.
[7] MUNLV (Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westphalen), Retentionsbodenfilter. Handbuch für Planung, Bau und Betrieb (Retention Soil Filter. Reference Book for Planning, Building and Operation), Düsseldorf, 2003.
[8] MUNLV (Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westphalen), Überprüfung und Bewertung von Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung der chemisch-physikalischen und hygienisch-mikrobiologischen Belastung von Fließgewässern am Beispiel der Swist (Examination and Evaluation of Actions for the Reduction of Chemico-Physical and Hygienic-Microbiological Pollution of Watercourses on the Example of the River Swist), Düsseldorf, 2012.
[9] ERC, European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Demonstrating synergies in combined natural and engineered processes for water treatment systems (AquaNES), 2015.
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Acadlore takes over the publication of IJEI from 2025 Vol. 8, No. 5. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

Katharina Knorz,
Franz-Michael Mertens,
Andrea F. Brunsch,
Ekkehard Christoffels
Erftverband, Bergheim, Germany
International Journal of Environmental Impacts
|
Volume 1, Issue 3, 2018
|
Pages 364-374
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
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Abstract:

Point sources such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), combined sewer overflows (CSO) and separate sewer outlets (SSO) are acknowledged to be major pathways for pollutants to enter surface water. As response, retention soil filters (RSF) have been installed among others in the Erft river catchment area over the past two decades to treat outflows of combined sewer systems and rainwater from separate sewer systems. Studies conducted on several of these RSFs have shown that besides reducing solids by filtration, RSFs have good chemical and biological cleaning capacities for a variety of parameters. Concentrations of both nutrients and heavy metals are reduced. Numerous micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides and industrial compounds as well as faecal bacteria are eliminated at high rates. With this background a new type of RSF (RSFplus) has been designed for the flexible treatment of WWTP effluent and CSO. The RSFplus treats CSO during rain events. During dry weather periods, the RSFplus is used for polishing WWTP effluent. The RSFplus is divided into three segments which are fed alternately to guarantee aerobic conditions and is equipped with innovative distribution channels to ensure homogeneous feeding. Granulated activated carbon is used as an additive for the filter medium for advanced treatment. The effectiveness of WWTP effluent polishing and reliability of operational parameters have already been tested for 2.5 years on a pilot scale. The first full-scale demonstration site will be built in 2017 at the WWTP Rheinbach in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany).

Keywords: combined sewer overflow, micropollutants, nutrients, retention soil filter, wastewater treatment plant
References
[1] European Commission (2000/60/EC), Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy, Official Journal L 327, 2000.
[2] Christoffels, E., Mertens, F.M., Kistemann, T. & Schreiber, C., Retention of pharmaceutical residues and microorganisms at the Altendorf retention soil filter, Water Science & Technology, 70(9), pp. 1503–1509, 2014. [Crossref]
[3] Scheurer, M., Heß, S., Lüddeke, F., Sacher, F., Güde, H., Löffler, H. & Gallert, C., Removal of micropollutants, facultative pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria in a full-scale retention soil filter receiving combined sewer overflow. Environmental Science, Processes & Impacts, 17, p. 186, 2015. [Crossref]
[4] Frechen, F.B., Neue Erkenntnisse zur Mischwasserbehandlung in Retentionsbodenfiltern: Leistungsfähigkeit, Nährstoffe, Hygiene. Planung, Bau und Betrieb: Hennef, Düsseldorf, 2012.
[5] Tondera, K., Koenen, S. & Pinnekamp, J., Survey monitoring results on the reduction of micropollutants, bacteria, bacteriophages and TSS in retention soil filters. Water Science & Technology, 68(5), pp. 1004–1012, 2013. [Crossref]
[6] DWA (Deutsche Vereinigung für Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V.), Merkblatt DWA-M 178, Empfehlungen für Planung, Bau und Betrieb von Retentionsbodenfiltern zur weitergehenden Regenwasserbehandlung im Misch- und Trennsystem. ISBN 3-937758-37-2, Hennef, Deutschland, 2005.
[7] MUNLV (Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westphalen), Retentionsbodenfilter. Handbuch für Planung, Bau und Betrieb (Retention Soil Filter. Reference Book for Planning, Building and Operation), Düsseldorf, 2003.
[8] MUNLV (Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westphalen), Überprüfung und Bewertung von Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung der chemisch-physikalischen und hygienisch-mikrobiologischen Belastung von Fließgewässern am Beispiel der Swist (Examination and Evaluation of Actions for the Reduction of Chemico-Physical and Hygienic-Microbiological Pollution of Watercourses on the Example of the River Swist), Düsseldorf, 2012.
[9] ERC, European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Demonstrating synergies in combined natural and engineered processes for water treatment systems (AquaNES), 2015.
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Knorz, K., Mertens, F., Brunsch, A. F., & Christoffels, E. (2018). Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent. Int. J. Environ. Impacts., 1(3), 364-374. https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-364-374
K. Knorz, F. Mertens, A. F. Brunsch, and E. Christoffels, "Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent," Int. J. Environ. Impacts., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 364-374, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-364-374
@research-article{Knorz2018RetentionSF,
title={Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent},
author={Katharina Knorz and Franz-Michael Mertens and Andrea F. Brunsch and Ekkehard Christoffels},
journal={International Journal of Environmental Impacts},
year={2018},
page={364-374},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-364-374}
}
Katharina Knorz, et al. "Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent." International Journal of Environmental Impacts, v 1, pp 364-374. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-364-374
Katharina Knorz, Franz-Michael Mertens, Andrea F. Brunsch and Ekkehard Christoffels. "Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent." International Journal of Environmental Impacts, 1, (2018): 364-374. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-364-374
KNORZ K， MERTENS F M， BRUNSCH A F， et al. Retention Soil Filter for Treatment of Combined Sewer Overflow and Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent[J]. International Journal of Environmental Impacts， 2018， 1(3)： 364-374. https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N3-364-374