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[1] Zhuang, W., Eco-environmental impact of inter-basin water transfer projects: A review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, pp. 12867–12879, 2016. [Crossref]
[2] Coutinho, R.M., Kraenkel, R.A. & Prado, P.I., Catastrophic regime shift in water reservoirs and São Paulo water supply crisis. PLoS ONE, 10(9), pp. 1–14, 2015. [Crossref]
[3] Gohari, A., Eslamian, S., Mirchi, A., Abedi-Koupaei, J., Bavani, A.M. & Madani, K., Water transfer as a solution to water shortage: A fix that can backfire. Journal of Hydrology, 491, pp. 23–39, 2013, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[4] Kadye, W.T. & Booth, A.J., An invader within an altered landscape: One catfish, two rivers and an inter-basin water transfer scheme. River Research and Applications, 29, pp. 1131–1146, 2013, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[5] Yevjevich, V., Water diversions and interbasin transfers. Water International, 26(3), pp. 342–348, 2001, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[6] Medeiros, G.A. et al., Evaluation of metals in water and sediments of micro-basins in the city of Americana, São Paulo state, Brazil. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 172, WIT Press: Southampton and Boston, MA, pp. 201–212, 2013, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[7] Medeiros, G.A., Archanjo, P., Simionato, R. & Reis, F.A.G.V., Diagnosis of the water quality of the Recanto Creek microbasin, at Americana, in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Geociências, 28(2), pp. 181–191, 2009 (in Portuguese).
[8] Martinelli, L.A., et al., Effects of sewage on the chemical composition of Piracicaba River, Brazil. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 110(1–2), pp. 67–79, 1999, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[9] Daniel, M.H.B., et al., Effects of urban sewage on dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic and organic carbon, and electrical conductivity of small streams along a gradient of urbanization in the Piracicaba River basin. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 136(1–4), pp. 189–206, 2002. [Crossref]
[10] Ometo, J.P.H.B., et al., Effects of land use on water chemistry and macroinvertebrates in two streams of the Piracicaba river basin, south-east Brazil. Freshwater Biology, 44(2), pp. 327–337, 2000, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[11] Emanuel, R.E., Buckley, J.J., Caldwell, P.V., McNulty, S.G. & Sun, G., Influence of basin characteristics on the effectiveness and downstream reach of interbasin water transfers: Displacing a problem. Environmental Research Letter, 10, pp. 1–9, 2015, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[12] Bonacci, O. & Andric, I., Impact of an inter-basin water transfer and reservoir operation on a karst open streamflow hydrological regime: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia). Hydrological Processes, 24, pp. 3852–3863, 2010, available at http://dx.doi.
[13] Zeng, Q., Qin, L. & Li, X., The potential impact of an inter-basin water transfer project on nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and chlorophyll a of the receiving water system. Science of the Total Environment, 536, pp. 675–686, 2015, available at (accessed 30 January 2017).90 F.H. Machado et al., Int. J. Environ Impacts, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2018) [Crossref]
[14] Fornarelli, R., Antenucci, J.P. & Marti, C.L., Disturbance, diversity and phytoplankton production in a reservoir affected by inter-basin water transfers. Hydrobiologia, 705, pp. 9–26, 2013. [Crossref]
[15] Li, Y., et al., Assessing and modeling impacts of different inter-basin water transfer routes on Lake Taihu and the Yangtze River, China. Ecological Engineering, 60, 399–413, 2013, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[16] Gleick, P.H., Global freshwater resources: Soft-path solutions for the 21st century. Science, 302, pp. 1524–1528, 2003, available at (accessed 20 January 2017). [Crossref]
[17] Fengler, F.H., et al., Environmental quality of forest fragments in Jundiaí-Mirim river basin between 1972 and 2013. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 19, pp. 402–408, 2015 (in Portuguese). [Crossref]
[18] Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Cidades@: Resource Document, Brasilia DF, available at http://www.cidades.ibge.gov.br/ (accessed 24 January 2017) (in Portuguese).
[19] Freitas, E.P., Moraes, J.F.L., Peche Filho, A. & Storino, M., Environmental indicators for areas of permanent preservation. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 17, pp. 443–449, 2013 (in Portuguese). [Crossref]
[20] Medeiros, G.A., et al., Environmental assessment using landscape analysis methodology: The case of the Jundiaí Mirim river basin, Southeast Brazil. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 203, WIT Press: Southampton and Boston, MA, pp. 25–36, 2016, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[21] Rice, E.W. & Bridgewater, L. (eds.), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association, APHA Press: Washington, DC, 2012.
[22] National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution nº 357 17 Mar. 2005. Resolution 357/2005. Environmental Guidelines for Water Resources and Standards for the Release of Effluents, DOU: Brasília DF, 2005 (in Portuguese).
[23] Carlson, R.E., A trophic state index for lakes. Limnology and Ocenagraphy, 22(2), pp. 361–369, 1977.
[24] Cunha, D.G.F., Calijuri, M.D. & Lamparelli, M.C., A trophic state index for tropical/subtropical reservoirs (TSItsr). Ecological Engineering, 60, pp. 126–134, 2013, available at (accessed 20 January 2017). [Crossref]
[25] Ostle, B. & Malone, L.C., Statistics in Research. Iowa State University Press: Ames, 1988.
[26] Steele, M.K. & Aitkenhead-Peterson, J.A., Long-term sodium and chloride surface water exports from the Dallas/Fort Worth region. Science of the Total Environment, 409, pp. 3021–3032, 2011, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[27] Rose, S., The effects of urbanization on the hydrochemistry of base flow within the Chattahoochee River Basin (Georgia, USA). Journal of Hydrology, 341, pp. 42–54, 2007, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[28] Kelly, W.R., Panno, S.V., Hackley, K.C., Hwang, H.H., Martinsek, A.T. & Markus, M., Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway. Applied Geochemistry, 25, pp. 661–673, 2010, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[29] Vengosh, A. & Pankratov, I., Chloride/bromide and chloride/fluoride ratios of domestic sewage effluents and associated contaminated ground water. Ground Water, 36(5), F.H. Machado et al., Int. J. Environ Impacts, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2018) 91pp. 815–824, 1998, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[30] Haiao, Z. & Jinglu, W., Tracing the nitrate sources of the Yili River in the Taihu Lake Watershed: A dual isotope approach. Water, 7(1), pp. 188–201, 2014. [Crossref]
[31] Bolado-Rodríguez, S., García-Sinovas, D. & Álvarez-Benedí, J., Application of pig slurry to soils: Effect of air stripping treatment on nitrogen and TOC leaching. Journal of Environmental Management, 91, pp. 2594–2598, 2010, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[32] Beghelli, F.G.S., et al., Uso do índice de estado trófico e análise rápida da comunidade de macroinvertebrados como indicadores da qualidade ambiental das águas na Bacia do Rio Jundiaí-Mirim – SP – BR. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 19(1), pp. 13–22, 2015 (in Portuguese). [Crossref]
[33] Padovesi-Fosneca, C., Philomeno M.G. & Andreoni-Batista, C., Limnological features after a flushing event in Paranoá Reservoir, central Brazil. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 21(3), pp. 277–285, 2009.
[34] World Health Organization (WHO), Aluminium. Environmental Health Criteria 194. WHO: Geneva, 1997.
[35] Yokel, R.A. & McNamara, P.J., Aluminium toxicokinetics: An updated minireview. Pharmacolgy & Toxicology, 88, pp. 159–167, 2001, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[36] Moreira, S. & Fazza, E.V., Serra streams in the city of Limeira (SP-Brazil) by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence. Spectrochimica Acta, 63(12), pp. 1432–1442, 2008, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
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Open Access
Research article

Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil

Fernando Henrique Machado1,
Erik Sartori Jeunon Gontijo1,
Frederico Guilherme de Souza Beghelli1,
Felipe Hashimoto Fengler1,
Gerson Araujo de Medeiros1,
Afonso Peche Filho2,
Jener Fernando Leite de Moraes2,
Regina Marcia Longo3,
Admilson Irio Ribeiro3
1
São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Sorocaba, Brazil
2
Instituto Agronômico (IAC), Jundiaí, Brazil
3
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUCCAMP), Campinas, Brazil
International Journal of Environmental Impacts
|
Volume 1, Issue 1, 2017
|
Pages 80-91
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

Large-scale water transfer projects can be an important way of mitigating water scarcity and have been adopted worldwide. Nevertheless, investments in massive infrastructure, negative environmental impacts and restrictive legislation have required water managers to adopt new approaches, such as small-scale inter-basin water transfer (SSIWT), especially in industrial and urbanized regions. However, there is a lack of research concerning environmental impact assessments of SSIWT to support decision-making, notably in developing countries (such as Brazil). The main goal of this research was to assess the environmental impacts of water transfer on the quality of surface water in the Jundiaí-Mirim river basin, south-east Brazil. Water samples were collected along the Jundiaí-Mirim River in September 2013 (in the absence of SSIWT) and in September 2014 (during SSIWT) for determining the following parameters: pH, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), chloride (Cl−), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and dissolved and total metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg and Mn). Descriptive statistics and the paired Student’s t-test (p < 0.05) were used to test the hypothesis that there was an effect of SSIWT on water quality. The results showed impacts due to the transfer of ions from the Atibaia River to the Jundiaí-Mirim River, as well as the degradation of riverbanks, which significantly (p < 0.05) influenced DO, TOC, DOC, TN, Cl−, Al, Fe and Mg concentrations. A positive impact on the trophic state was observed due to the increased flow caused by the water transfer, which acted to flush the river and reservoir. The findings provide important information on the environmental performance of small-scale hydraulic operations, which should assist decision-makers in establishing strategies to reduce negative environmental impacts.

Keywords: Environmental management, Eutrophication, Metals, Water resources

1. Introduction

2. Methodology

3. Results and Discussion

4. Conclusions

Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank CAPES and FAPESP (12/17727-8 and 13/03494-4), Agronomic Institute (CEA/IAC) for the support in the field work and the Laboratório Multiusuário de Análise e Caracterização de Amostras (LMACA II). The authors also thank Dr Andrew George Allen, who provided a very helpful contribution during the review process.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

References
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[3] Gohari, A., Eslamian, S., Mirchi, A., Abedi-Koupaei, J., Bavani, A.M. & Madani, K., Water transfer as a solution to water shortage: A fix that can backfire. Journal of Hydrology, 491, pp. 23–39, 2013, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[4] Kadye, W.T. & Booth, A.J., An invader within an altered landscape: One catfish, two rivers and an inter-basin water transfer scheme. River Research and Applications, 29, pp. 1131–1146, 2013, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[5] Yevjevich, V., Water diversions and interbasin transfers. Water International, 26(3), pp. 342–348, 2001, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[6] Medeiros, G.A. et al., Evaluation of metals in water and sediments of micro-basins in the city of Americana, São Paulo state, Brazil. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 172, WIT Press: Southampton and Boston, MA, pp. 201–212, 2013, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[7] Medeiros, G.A., Archanjo, P., Simionato, R. & Reis, F.A.G.V., Diagnosis of the water quality of the Recanto Creek microbasin, at Americana, in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Geociências, 28(2), pp. 181–191, 2009 (in Portuguese).
[8] Martinelli, L.A., et al., Effects of sewage on the chemical composition of Piracicaba River, Brazil. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 110(1–2), pp. 67–79, 1999, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[9] Daniel, M.H.B., et al., Effects of urban sewage on dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic and organic carbon, and electrical conductivity of small streams along a gradient of urbanization in the Piracicaba River basin. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 136(1–4), pp. 189–206, 2002. [Crossref]
[10] Ometo, J.P.H.B., et al., Effects of land use on water chemistry and macroinvertebrates in two streams of the Piracicaba river basin, south-east Brazil. Freshwater Biology, 44(2), pp. 327–337, 2000, available at (accessed 15 January 2017). [Crossref]
[11] Emanuel, R.E., Buckley, J.J., Caldwell, P.V., McNulty, S.G. & Sun, G., Influence of basin characteristics on the effectiveness and downstream reach of interbasin water transfers: Displacing a problem. Environmental Research Letter, 10, pp. 1–9, 2015, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[12] Bonacci, O. & Andric, I., Impact of an inter-basin water transfer and reservoir operation on a karst open streamflow hydrological regime: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia). Hydrological Processes, 24, pp. 3852–3863, 2010, available at http://dx.doi.
[13] Zeng, Q., Qin, L. & Li, X., The potential impact of an inter-basin water transfer project on nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and chlorophyll a of the receiving water system. Science of the Total Environment, 536, pp. 675–686, 2015, available at (accessed 30 January 2017).90 F.H. Machado et al., Int. J. Environ Impacts, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2018) [Crossref]
[14] Fornarelli, R., Antenucci, J.P. & Marti, C.L., Disturbance, diversity and phytoplankton production in a reservoir affected by inter-basin water transfers. Hydrobiologia, 705, pp. 9–26, 2013. [Crossref]
[15] Li, Y., et al., Assessing and modeling impacts of different inter-basin water transfer routes on Lake Taihu and the Yangtze River, China. Ecological Engineering, 60, 399–413, 2013, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
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[18] Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Cidades@: Resource Document, Brasilia DF, available at http://www.cidades.ibge.gov.br/ (accessed 24 January 2017) (in Portuguese).
[19] Freitas, E.P., Moraes, J.F.L., Peche Filho, A. & Storino, M., Environmental indicators for areas of permanent preservation. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 17, pp. 443–449, 2013 (in Portuguese). [Crossref]
[20] Medeiros, G.A., et al., Environmental assessment using landscape analysis methodology: The case of the Jundiaí Mirim river basin, Southeast Brazil. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 203, WIT Press: Southampton and Boston, MA, pp. 25–36, 2016, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[21] Rice, E.W. & Bridgewater, L. (eds.), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association, APHA Press: Washington, DC, 2012.
[22] National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution nº 357 17 Mar. 2005. Resolution 357/2005. Environmental Guidelines for Water Resources and Standards for the Release of Effluents, DOU: Brasília DF, 2005 (in Portuguese).
[23] Carlson, R.E., A trophic state index for lakes. Limnology and Ocenagraphy, 22(2), pp. 361–369, 1977.
[24] Cunha, D.G.F., Calijuri, M.D. & Lamparelli, M.C., A trophic state index for tropical/subtropical reservoirs (TSItsr). Ecological Engineering, 60, pp. 126–134, 2013, available at (accessed 20 January 2017). [Crossref]
[25] Ostle, B. & Malone, L.C., Statistics in Research. Iowa State University Press: Ames, 1988.
[26] Steele, M.K. & Aitkenhead-Peterson, J.A., Long-term sodium and chloride surface water exports from the Dallas/Fort Worth region. Science of the Total Environment, 409, pp. 3021–3032, 2011, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[27] Rose, S., The effects of urbanization on the hydrochemistry of base flow within the Chattahoochee River Basin (Georgia, USA). Journal of Hydrology, 341, pp. 42–54, 2007, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[28] Kelly, W.R., Panno, S.V., Hackley, K.C., Hwang, H.H., Martinsek, A.T. & Markus, M., Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway. Applied Geochemistry, 25, pp. 661–673, 2010, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[29] Vengosh, A. & Pankratov, I., Chloride/bromide and chloride/fluoride ratios of domestic sewage effluents and associated contaminated ground water. Ground Water, 36(5), F.H. Machado et al., Int. J. Environ Impacts, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2018) 91pp. 815–824, 1998, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[30] Haiao, Z. & Jinglu, W., Tracing the nitrate sources of the Yili River in the Taihu Lake Watershed: A dual isotope approach. Water, 7(1), pp. 188–201, 2014. [Crossref]
[31] Bolado-Rodríguez, S., García-Sinovas, D. & Álvarez-Benedí, J., Application of pig slurry to soils: Effect of air stripping treatment on nitrogen and TOC leaching. Journal of Environmental Management, 91, pp. 2594–2598, 2010, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[32] Beghelli, F.G.S., et al., Uso do índice de estado trófico e análise rápida da comunidade de macroinvertebrados como indicadores da qualidade ambiental das águas na Bacia do Rio Jundiaí-Mirim – SP – BR. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 19(1), pp. 13–22, 2015 (in Portuguese). [Crossref]
[33] Padovesi-Fosneca, C., Philomeno M.G. & Andreoni-Batista, C., Limnological features after a flushing event in Paranoá Reservoir, central Brazil. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 21(3), pp. 277–285, 2009.
[34] World Health Organization (WHO), Aluminium. Environmental Health Criteria 194. WHO: Geneva, 1997.
[35] Yokel, R.A. & McNamara, P.J., Aluminium toxicokinetics: An updated minireview. Pharmacolgy & Toxicology, 88, pp. 159–167, 2001, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
[36] Moreira, S. & Fazza, E.V., Serra streams in the city of Limeira (SP-Brazil) by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence. Spectrochimica Acta, 63(12), pp. 1432–1442, 2008, available at (accessed 30 January 2017). [Crossref]
Cite this:
APA Style
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BibTex Style
MLA Style
Chicago Style
GB-T-7714-2015
Machado, F. H., Gontijo, E. S. J., de Souza Beghelli, F. G., Fengler, F. H., de Medeiros, G. A., Filho, A. P., de Moraes, J. F. L., Longo, R. M., & Ribeiro, A. I. (2017). Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil. Int. J. Environ. Impacts., 1(1), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N1-80-91
F. H. Machado, E. S. J. Gontijo, F. G. de Souza Beghelli, F. H. Fengler, G. A. de Medeiros, A. P. Filho, J. F. L. de Moraes, R. M. Longo, and A. I. Ribeiro, "Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil," Int. J. Environ. Impacts., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 80-91, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N1-80-91
@research-article{Machado2017EnvironmentalIO,
title={Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil},
author={Fernando Henrique Machado and Erik Sartori Jeunon Gontijo and Frederico Guilherme De Souza Beghelli and Felipe Hashimoto Fengler and Gerson Araujo De Medeiros and Afonso Peche Filho and Jener Fernando Leite De Moraes and Regina Marcia Longo and Admilson Irio Ribeiro},
journal={International Journal of Environmental Impacts},
year={2017},
page={80-91},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N1-80-91}
}
Fernando Henrique Machado, et al. "Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil." International Journal of Environmental Impacts, v 1, pp 80-91. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N1-80-91
Fernando Henrique Machado, Erik Sartori Jeunon Gontijo, Frederico Guilherme De Souza Beghelli, Felipe Hashimoto Fengler, Gerson Araujo De Medeiros, Afonso Peche Filho, Jener Fernando Leite De Moraes, Regina Marcia Longo and Admilson Irio Ribeiro. "Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil." International Journal of Environmental Impacts, 1, (2017): 80-91. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N1-80-91
MACHADO F H， GONTIJO E S J， DE SOUZA BEGHELLI F G， et al. Environmental Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Quality in the Jundiaí-Mirim River, South-East Brazil[J]. International Journal of Environmental Impacts， 2017， 1(1)： 80-91. https://doi.org/10.2495/EI-V1-N1-80-91