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[1] Zegarac Leskovar, V. & Premrov, M., Energy - Efficient Timber - Glass Houses, (Green energy and technology), Springer: London, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4471-5510-2. ISBN
[2] Kolb, J., Systems in Timber Engineering, Birkhäuser Verlag AG: Basel, 2008.
[3] Premrov, M. & Kuhta, M., Influence of fasteners disposition on behavior of timber-framed walls with single fibre-plaster sheathing boards. Construction and Building Materials, 23(7), pp. 2688–2693, 2009.
[4] Premrov, M. & Kuhta M., Experimental Analysis on Behaviour of Timber-Framed Walls with Different Types of Sheathing Boards: Construction Materials and Engineering, Nova Science Publishers, 2010.
[5] Premrov, M. & Dobrila, P., Numerical analysis of sheathing boards influence on racking resistance of timber-frame walls. Advances in Engineering Software, 45(1), pp. 21–27, 2012.
[6] Cruz, P. & Pequeno, J., Timber–glass Composite Structural Panels: Experimental Studies & Architectural Applications. Conference on Architectural and Structural Applications of Glass, Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Delf, Netherlands, 2008.
[7] Hochhauser, W., Ein Beitrag zur Berechnung und Bemessung von geklebten und gek-lotzten Holz-Glas-Verbundscheiben, Doctoral thesis: Vienna University of Technology, 2011.
[8] Niedermaier, P., Shear-strength of glass panel elements in combination with timber frame constructions. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Architectural and Automotive Glass (GPD), pp. 262–264, Tampere, Finland, 2003.
[9] Premrov, M., Serrano, E., Winter, W., Fadai, A., Nicklisch, F., Dujič, B., Šušteršič, I., Brank, B., Štrukelj, A., Držečnik, M., Buyuktaskin, HA., Erol, G. & Ber, B., Workshop report “WP 6: Testing on life-size specimen components: shear walls, beams and col-umns including long-term behaviour”: woodwisdom-net, research project, load bearing timber–glass-composites, 2012–2014.
[10] European Committee for Standardization. EN 1194:2003: timber structures - glued laminated timber strength classes and determination of characteristic values, Brussels, 2003.
[11] European Committee for Standardization. EN 572-1:2004: Glass in building – Basic soda lime silicate glass products – Part 1: Definitions and general physical and mechan-ical properties, Brussels, 2004.
[12] European Committee for Standardization: EN 594:2011: Timber structures – Test meth-ods – Racking strength and stiffness of timber frame wall panels, Brussels, 2011.
[13] ISO 16670: 2003: International Standard, Timber structures – Joints made with Mechanical Fasteners – Quasi-Static Reversed-Cyclic Test Method, 1st edn., 2003.
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Acadlore takes over the publication of IJCMEM from 2025 Vol. 13, No. 3. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings

Miroslav Premrov1,
Boštjan Ber2,
Andrej Štrukelj1
1
University of Maribor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, Slovenia
2
Kager hiša d.o.o., Ptuj, Slovenia
International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements
|
Volume 5, Issue 6, 2017
|
Pages 928-939
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: 10-31-2017
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

As a natural raw material timber shows indisputable environmental excellence and certainly represents one of the best choices for sustainable construction. The use of glazing in buildings has always contributed to openness, visual comfort and better daylight situation. The features of the both building materials lead to the development of a new type of highly attractive structures, the so-called timber–glass buildings. However, in a view to maximising the use of natural solar radiation gains, the most of the glazing is usually placed in the south facade of such buildings, which can lead to many structural problems, especially when the building is exposed to heavy horizontal loads. In such cases it is usu- ally to assure a horizontal stability by using additional visible diagonal elements or by internal wall elements. In this study we are presenting another solution by using timber-frame wall elements with fixed insulating glazing placed on the external side of the timber frame where the glass pane is consid- ered as a load-bearing element. It is presented that such timber–glass load-bearing wall element can significantly contribute to the overall horizontal resistance of the whole building. The behaviour of load-bearing timber–glass wall elements is additionally modelled with FE model where the bonding line is modelled with spring elements. With such developed mathematical model it is possible further parametrically to analyse many various parameters which significantly influence on the capacity, stiff- ness and failure mechanism of such composite elements.

Keywords: Experiments, Finite Element Modelling, Glass, Timber, Structural Stability
References
[1] Zegarac Leskovar, V. & Premrov, M., Energy - Efficient Timber - Glass Houses, (Green energy and technology), Springer: London, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4471-5510-2. ISBN
[2] Kolb, J., Systems in Timber Engineering, Birkhäuser Verlag AG: Basel, 2008.
[3] Premrov, M. & Kuhta, M., Influence of fasteners disposition on behavior of timber-framed walls with single fibre-plaster sheathing boards. Construction and Building Materials, 23(7), pp. 2688–2693, 2009.
[4] Premrov, M. & Kuhta M., Experimental Analysis on Behaviour of Timber-Framed Walls with Different Types of Sheathing Boards: Construction Materials and Engineering, Nova Science Publishers, 2010.
[5] Premrov, M. & Dobrila, P., Numerical analysis of sheathing boards influence on racking resistance of timber-frame walls. Advances in Engineering Software, 45(1), pp. 21–27, 2012.
[6] Cruz, P. & Pequeno, J., Timber–glass Composite Structural Panels: Experimental Studies & Architectural Applications. Conference on Architectural and Structural Applications of Glass, Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Delf, Netherlands, 2008.
[7] Hochhauser, W., Ein Beitrag zur Berechnung und Bemessung von geklebten und gek-lotzten Holz-Glas-Verbundscheiben, Doctoral thesis: Vienna University of Technology, 2011.
[8] Niedermaier, P., Shear-strength of glass panel elements in combination with timber frame constructions. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Architectural and Automotive Glass (GPD), pp. 262–264, Tampere, Finland, 2003.
[9] Premrov, M., Serrano, E., Winter, W., Fadai, A., Nicklisch, F., Dujič, B., Šušteršič, I., Brank, B., Štrukelj, A., Držečnik, M., Buyuktaskin, HA., Erol, G. & Ber, B., Workshop report “WP 6: Testing on life-size specimen components: shear walls, beams and col-umns including long-term behaviour”: woodwisdom-net, research project, load bearing timber–glass-composites, 2012–2014.
[10] European Committee for Standardization. EN 1194:2003: timber structures - glued laminated timber strength classes and determination of characteristic values, Brussels, 2003.
[11] European Committee for Standardization. EN 572-1:2004: Glass in building – Basic soda lime silicate glass products – Part 1: Definitions and general physical and mechan-ical properties, Brussels, 2004.
[12] European Committee for Standardization: EN 594:2011: Timber structures – Test meth-ods – Racking strength and stiffness of timber frame wall panels, Brussels, 2011.
[13] ISO 16670: 2003: International Standard, Timber structures – Joints made with Mechanical Fasteners – Quasi-Static Reversed-Cyclic Test Method, 1st edn., 2003.
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Premrov, M., Ber, B., & Štrukelj, A. (2017). Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings. Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., 5(6), 928-939. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N6-928-939
M. Premrov, B. Ber, and A. Štrukelj, "Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings," Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 928-939, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N6-928-939
@research-article{Premrov2017CyclicAS,
title={Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings},
author={Miroslav Premrov and BošTjan Ber and Andrej šTrukelj},
journal={International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements},
year={2017},
page={928-939},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N6-928-939}
}
Miroslav Premrov, et al. "Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, v 5, pp 928-939. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N6-928-939
Miroslav Premrov, BošTjan Ber and Andrej šTrukelj. "Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, 5, (2017): 928-939. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N6-928-939
Premrov M.， Ber B.， Štrukelj A.. Cyclic and Shaking-Table Tests of Timber–Glass Buildings[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements， 2017， 5(6)： 928-939. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N6-928-939