Javascript is required
[1] Popovic Larsen, O., Reciprocal Frame Architecture, Elsevier, 2008.
[2] Tamke, M., Riiber, J. & Jungjohann, H., Generated Lamella, LIFE in: formation. On responsive information and variations in architecture, New York, ACADIA, pp. 340–347, 2010.
[3] Nabaei, S.S. & Weinand, Y., Geometrical description and structural analysis of a modu-lar timber structure. International Journal of Space Structures, 26(4), pp. 321–330, 2011.
[4] Baverel, O., Nooshin, H. & Kuroiwa, Y., Configuration processing of nexorades using genetic algorithms. Journal of the I.A.S.S, 45(2), pp. 99–108, 2004.
[5] Douthe, C. & Baverel., O., Design of reciprocal frame systems with the dynamic relax-ation method. Computers & Structures, 87(21–22), pp. 1296–1307, 2009.
[6] Kohlhammer, T. & Kotnik, T., Discrete analysis – a method to determine the internal forces of lattices. International Conference on Space Structures, London, 2011.
[7] Kohlhammer, T. & Kotnik, T., Sistemic behaviour of plane reciprocal frame structures. Structural Engineering International, 21(1), pp. 80–86, 2011.
[8] Song, P., Fu, C., Goswami, P., Jianmin Z., Mitra, N., J. & Cohen-Or, D., Reciprocal frame structures made easy. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 32(4), 2013. [Crossref]
[9] Rutten, D., Grasshopper: generative modeling for Rhino, Computer software, 2012, available at: http://www.grasshopper3d.com
[10] McNeel, R., Rhinoceros: NURBS modeling for Windows, Computer software, 2010, available at: http://www.rhino3d.com
[11] Preisinger, C., Karamba: parametric structural modeling, Computer software, 2011, available at: http://www.karamba3d.com
[12] Gelez, S., Aubry, S. & Vaudeville, B., Nexorade or Reciprocal Frame System Applied to the Design and Construc on of a 850 m2 Archaeological Shelter. International Journal of Space Structures, 26(4), pp. 303–311, 2011. [Crossref]
Search

Acadlore takes over the publication of IJCMEM from 2025 Vol. 13, No. 3. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa

E. Corio1,
F. Laccone1,
N. Pietroni2,
P. Cignoni2,
M. Froli1
1
DESTeC, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
2
ISTI, CNR, Pisa, Italy
International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements
|
Volume 5, Issue 4, 2017
|
Pages 551-561
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

Reciprocal structures or nexorade are composed by the assembling of groups of three or more beams mutually connected by mono-lateral T joints in a way that any relative movement is suppressed. This kind of structures can be easily built in relatively unprepared sites, dismantled, transported and re-used even by not specialized handcraft. For these reasons, reciprocal structures have been widely used in the past for military purposes, and nowadays they seem to satisfy very well the different requirements of a quick and temporary shelter of a large archaeological area when they are shaped as grid shells.

This paper proposes the design of a reversible, reciprocal framed grid shell to shelter the archaeological site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa. The structure must protect excavations and archaeologists from the weather and provide an easy access to visitors. Additionally, it must allow for easy disassembling and moving to another site.

The design choices aim at optimizing both structural efficiency and esthetical qualities. A parametric workflow for both the form finding and the digital fabrication processes has been developed, and a prototype of accommodative steel T-joint for timber reciprocal beams has been realized. Finally, a model using CNC-cutting tested the structural feasibility of such a design approach.

Keywords: archeological shelters, cardan joints, digital fabrication, form finding, parametric design, reciprocal frame, reversible structures, timber grid shells
Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

References
[1] Popovic Larsen, O., Reciprocal Frame Architecture, Elsevier, 2008.
[2] Tamke, M., Riiber, J. & Jungjohann, H., Generated Lamella, LIFE in: formation. On responsive information and variations in architecture, New York, ACADIA, pp. 340–347, 2010.
[3] Nabaei, S.S. & Weinand, Y., Geometrical description and structural analysis of a modu-lar timber structure. International Journal of Space Structures, 26(4), pp. 321–330, 2011.
[4] Baverel, O., Nooshin, H. & Kuroiwa, Y., Configuration processing of nexorades using genetic algorithms. Journal of the I.A.S.S, 45(2), pp. 99–108, 2004.
[5] Douthe, C. & Baverel., O., Design of reciprocal frame systems with the dynamic relax-ation method. Computers & Structures, 87(21–22), pp. 1296–1307, 2009.
[6] Kohlhammer, T. & Kotnik, T., Discrete analysis – a method to determine the internal forces of lattices. International Conference on Space Structures, London, 2011.
[7] Kohlhammer, T. & Kotnik, T., Sistemic behaviour of plane reciprocal frame structures. Structural Engineering International, 21(1), pp. 80–86, 2011.
[8] Song, P., Fu, C., Goswami, P., Jianmin Z., Mitra, N., J. & Cohen-Or, D., Reciprocal frame structures made easy. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 32(4), 2013. [Crossref]
[9] Rutten, D., Grasshopper: generative modeling for Rhino, Computer software, 2012, available at: http://www.grasshopper3d.com
[10] McNeel, R., Rhinoceros: NURBS modeling for Windows, Computer software, 2010, available at: http://www.rhino3d.com
[11] Preisinger, C., Karamba: parametric structural modeling, Computer software, 2011, available at: http://www.karamba3d.com
[12] Gelez, S., Aubry, S. & Vaudeville, B., Nexorade or Reciprocal Frame System Applied to the Design and Construc on of a 850 m2 Archaeological Shelter. International Journal of Space Structures, 26(4), pp. 303–311, 2011. [Crossref]
Cite this:
APA Style
IEEE Style
BibTex Style
MLA Style
Chicago Style
GB-T-7714-2015
Corio, E., Laccone, F., Pietroni, N., Cignoni, P., & Froli, M. (2017). Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa. Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., 5(4), 551-561. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N4-551-561
E. Corio, F. Laccone, N. Pietroni, P. Cignoni, and M. Froli, "Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa," Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 551-561, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N4-551-561
@research-article{Corio2017ConceptionAP,
title={Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa},
author={E. Corio and F. Laccone and N. Pietroni and P. Cignoni and M. Froli},
journal={International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements},
year={2017},
page={551-561},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N4-551-561}
}
E. Corio, et al. "Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, v 5, pp 551-561. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N4-551-561
E. Corio, F. Laccone, N. Pietroni, P. Cignoni and M. Froli. "Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, 5, (2017): 551-561. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N4-551-561
CORIO E， LACCONE F， PIETRONI N， et al. Conception and Parametric Design Workflow for a Timber Large-Spanned Reversible Grid Shell to Shelter the Archaeological Site of the Roman Shipwrecks in Pisa[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements， 2017， 5(4)： 551-561. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V5-N4-551-561