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1.
Shafiee, S. & Topal, E., When will fossil fuel reserves be diminished? Energy Policy,
2.
Ackermann, T. & Sder, L., An overview of wind energy-status 2002. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 6(1–2), pp. 67–127, 2002. [Crossref]
3.
Hjort, S. & Larsen, H., A multi-element diffuser augmented wind turbine. Energies,
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Betz, A., Energieumsetzungen in Venturidsen. Naturwissenschaften, 17(10), pp. 160– 164, 1929.
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Isensee, G.M. & Abdul-Razzak, H., Modeling and analysis of diffuser augmented wind turbine. International Journal of Energy Science, 2012.
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Acadlore takes over the publication of IJCMEM from 2025 Vol. 13, No. 3. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs)

a.s. dar1,2,
z.m. sheikh1,3,
s.h.w. gilani1
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20156, Italy.
3
UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements
|
Volume 4, Issue 4, 2016
|
Pages 513-521
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs) have been a highlight of research in small size wind turbines due to their potential capability of exceeding Betz Limit. Bringing a wall in close proximity of blade tip may have strong influences on physics of tip leakage flow. In current study, the effect of the diffuser wall on tip leakage flow is examined. Different tip gap to diffuser radius ratios are numerically studied in a two dimensional domain. As tip leakage flow in DAWTs has not been studied before, the methodology for the current work is adopted from similar research in gas turbines. Obtained results indicate that as the tip gap to diffuser radius ratio is reduced from 0.067 to 0.02, tip leakage mass flow rate reduces to 6% and the total pressure loss increases by 56%. This behavior of tip leakage flow is further elaborated by discussing the flow physics in the gap region.

Keywords: CFD, DAWT, Flow separation, Tip leakage

1. Nomenclature

2. Introduction

3. Methodology

4. Results & Discussion

5. Conclusions

References
1.
Shafiee, S. & Topal, E., When will fossil fuel reserves be diminished? Energy Policy,
2.
Ackermann, T. & Sder, L., An overview of wind energy-status 2002. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 6(1–2), pp. 67–127, 2002. [Crossref]
3.
Hjort, S. & Larsen, H., A multi-element diffuser augmented wind turbine. Energies,
4.
Betz, A., Energieumsetzungen in Venturidsen. Naturwissenschaften, 17(10), pp. 160– 164, 1929.
5.
Sanuki, M., Studies on biplane wind vanes, ventilator tubes and cup anemometers (I). Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics, 1(1), pp. 81–132, 1950. [Crossref]
6.
Iwasaki, M., The experimental and theoretical investigation of windmills. Reports of Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, 2(8), pp. 181–229, 1953.
7.
Sanuki, M., Kimura, S. & Tsuda, N., Studies on biplane wind vanes, ventilator tubes and cup anemometers. Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics, 2(3–4), pp. 317–333, 1951.
8.
Igra, O., Compact shrouds for wind turbines. Energy Conversion, 16(4), pp. 149–157, 1977.
9.
Igra, O., Research and development for shrouded wind turbines. Energy Conversion and Management, 21(1), pp. 13–48, 1981.
10.
Gilbert, B., Oman, R. & Foreman, K., Fluid dynamics of diffuser-augmented wind tur- bines. Journal of Energy, 2(6), pp. 368–374, 1978.
11.
Foreman, K., Preliminary design and economic investigations of Diffuser-Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWT). 1981, Grumman Aerospace Corp., Beth-page, NY (USA). Research Dept.
12.
Phillips, D., Flay, R. & Nash, T., Aerodynamic analysis and monitoring of the Vortec 7 diffuser-augmented wind turbine, 1999.
13.
Phillips, D.G., An investigation on diffuser augmented wind turbine design, 2003, Re- searchSpace@ Auckland.
14.
Hansen, M.O.L., Srensen, N.N. & Flay, R., Effect of placing a diffuser around a wind turbine. Wind Energy, 3(4), pp. 207–213, 2000.
15.
Werle, M.J. & Presz, W.M., Ducted wind/water turbines and propellers revisited. Jour- nal of Propulsion and Power, 24(5), pp. 1146–1150, 2008. [Crossref]
16.
Phillips, D., Richards, P. & Flay, R., Diffuser development for a diffuser augmented wind turbine using computational fluid dynamics. Department of Mechanical, Engi- neering, the University of Auckland, New Zealand, 2008.
17.
Ten Hoopen, P., An experimental and computational investigation of a diffuser aug- mented wind turbine. M. Sc. Thesis, 2009.
18.
Barbosa, D.L., Vaz, J.R., Figueiredo, S.W., Silva, M.D.O.E., Lins, E.F. & Mesquita, A.L., An investigation of a mathematical model for the internal velocity profile of conical diffusers applied to DAWTs. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Cimcias, 87(2), 2015.
19.
Isensee, G.M. & Abdul-Razzak, H., Modeling and analysis of diffuser augmented wind turbine. International Journal of Energy Science, 2012.
20.
Wheeler, A.P. & Sandberg, R.D., Direct numerical simulations of a transonic tip flow with free-stream disturbances. In ASME 2013 Turbine Blade Tip Symposium, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013.
21.
Booth, T., Importance of tip leakage flow in turbomachinery design, tip clearance ef- fects in axial turbomachinery. VKI Lecture Series, 5, 1985. [Crossref]
22.
Yamamoto, A., Tomlnaga, J., Matsunma, T. & Outa, E., Detailed measurements of three-dimensional flows and losses inside an axial flow turbine rotor. In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994.
23.
Patel, K., Research on a high work axial gas generator turbine. SAE Technical Paper, 1980.
24.
Ameri, A.A., Steinthorsson, E. & Rigby, D.L., Effects of tip clearance and casing recess on heat transfer and stage efficiency in axial turbines. In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998.
25.
Wheeler, A.P., Atkins, N.R. & He, L., Turbine blade tip heat transfer in low speed and high speed flows. Journal of Turbomachinery, 133(4), p. 041025, 2011. [Crossref]
26.
Kavurmacioglu, L., Dey, D. & Camci, C., Tip leakage flow simulation in AFTRF blade passages. von Karman Institute Lecture Series VKI-LS, 2, pp. 27–41, 2004.
27.
Liu, J.-S. & Bozzola, R., Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis of tip clearance flow in linear turbine cascades. AIAA Journal, 31(11), pp. 2068–2074, 1993. [Crossref]
28.
Camci, C. & Shavalikul, A., Pressure side tip platform extensions for tip leakage control in axial turbines, 2008.
29.
Legras, G., Gourdain, N. & Trebinjac, I., Numerical analysis of the tip leakage flow field in a transonic axial compressor with circumferential casing treatment. Journal of Thermal Science, 19(3), pp. 198–205, 2010.
30.
Twidell, J. & Weir, T., Renewable Energy Resources, Routledge: London and New York, 2015.
Cite this:
APA Style
IEEE Style
BibTex Style
MLA Style
Chicago Style
GB-T-7714-2015
Dar, A. S., Sheikh, Z. M., & Gilani, S. H. W. (2016). Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs). Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., 4(4), 513-521. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N4-513-521
A. S. Dar, Z. M. Sheikh, and S. H. W. Gilani, "Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs)," Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 513-521, 2016. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N4-513-521
@research-article{Dar2016EffectOW,
title={Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs)},
author={A.S. Dar and Z.M. Sheikh and S.H.W. Gilani},
journal={International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements},
year={2016},
page={513-521},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N4-513-521}
}
A.S. Dar, et al. "Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs)." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, v 4, pp 513-521. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N4-513-521
A.S. Dar, Z.M. Sheikh and S.H.W. Gilani. "Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs)." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, 4, (2016): 513-521. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N4-513-521
DAR AS， SHEIKH ZM， GILANI SHW. Effect of Wall Proximity on Cross Flow Tip Leakage in Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs)[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements， 2016， 4(4)： 513-521. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N4-513-521