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[1] Ball, R., The fundamental of aircraft combat survivability analysis and design. AIAA, 1985. [Crossref]
[2] Deletombe, E., Fabis, J., Dupas, J. & Mortier, J.M., Experimental analysis of 7.62 mm hydrodynamic ram in containers. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 37, pp. 1–21, 2013. [Crossref]
[3] Varas, D., Zaera, R. & L´opez-Puente, J., Numerical modelling of the hydrodynamic ram phenomenon. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36, pp. 363–374, 2009. [Crossref]
[4] Bless, S., Fuel tank survivability for hydrodynamic ram induced by high-velocity fragments. Part I experimental result and design summary. Technical Report AFFDLTR-78-184, Part I, University of Dayton Research Institute, 1979.
[5] Stepka, F. & Morse, C., Preliminary investigation of catastrophic fracture of liquid- filled tanks impacted by high velocity particles. Technical Report D-1537, NASA, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, 1963.
[6] Cole, R., Underwater Explosions, Princeton University Press: Princeton, pp. 7–13, 28–45,102–109,114–126,425–426, 1945.
[7] Fourest, T., Laurens, J.M., Deletombe, E., Dupas, J. & Arrigoni, M., Analysis of bubbles dynamics created by hydrodynamic ram in confined geometries using the rayleighplesset equation. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 73, pp. 66–74, 2014. [Crossref]
[8] Rayleigh, L., On the pressure developed in a liquid during the collapse of a spherical cavity. Philosophical Magazine Series 6, 34(200), pp. 94–98, 1917. [Crossref]
[9] Plesset, M., The dynamics of cavitation bubbles. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 16, pp. 277–282, 1949.
[10] Fujikawa, S. & Akamatsu, T., Effects of the non-equilibrium condensation of vapour on the pressure wave produced by the collapse of a bubble in liquid. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 97(03), pp. 481–512, 1980. [Crossref]
[11] Obreschkow, D., Kobel, P., Dorsaz, N., de Bosset, A., Nicollier, C. & Farhat, M., Cavitation bubble dynamics inside liquid drops in microgravity. Physical Review Letter, 97, 2006. [Crossref]
[12] Fourest, T., Laurens, J.M., Deletombe, E., Dupas, J. & Arrigoni, M., Confined Rayleigh-Plesset equation for hydrodynamic ram analysis in thin-walled containers under bal- listic impacts. Thin−Walled Structures, 86, pp. 67–72, 2015. [Crossref]
[13] Grazia De Giorgi, M., Bello, D. & Ficarella, A., Analysis of thermal effects in a cavitating orifice using rayleigh equation and experiments. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 132(9), 2010. [Crossref]
[14] Brennen, C., Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics, Oxford University Press, 1995.
[15] Handbook of aviation fuel properties, Technical Report ADA132106, Coordinating Research Council, 1983.
[16] Shepherd, J., Krok, J. & Lee, J.J., Jet a explosion experiements: Laboratory testing. Technical Report FM97-5, Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, 1997.
[17] Shepherd, J., Nuyt, C. & Lee, J.J., Flash point and chemical composition of aviation kerosene (jet a). Technical Report FM99-4, Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, 2000.
[18] Woodrow, J. & Seiber, J.N., The laboratory characterisation of fuel vapor under simulated flight conditions. Technical Report NTSB12-97-SP-0255, Center for Environmen- tal Sciences and Engineering, 1997.
[19] Franc, J., Avellan, F., Belahadji, B., Billard, J., on Marjollet, L.B., Fr´echou, D., Fruman, D., Karimi, A., Kueny, J. & Michel, J., La Cavitation, m´ecanisme, Presse Universitaire de Grenoble: Grenoble, France, pp. 63–95, 1995.
[20] Jensen, J., Tuttle, W., Stewart, R., Brechna, H. & Prodell, A., Brookhaven national laboratory selected cryogenic data notebook, volume I, section I-IX. Technical Report BNL 10200-R, Vol. I, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 198
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Open Access
Research article

Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation

T. Fourest1,
M. Arrigoni2,
E. Deletombe1,
J. Dupas1,
J-M. Laurens2
1
ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab, F-59045, Lille, France
2
ENSTA-Bretagne, FRE CNRS 3744 - IRDL, F-29806, Brest, France
International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements
|
Volume 4, Issue 3, 2016
|
Pages 301-310
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

To reduce the vulnerability of both civilian and military aircraft, it is important to take the hydrodynamic ram (HRAM) effect into account when designing their fuel tanks. HRAM is especially dangerous for liquid- filled thin walled lightweight structures that cannot be armoured due to weight penalty reasons. However, the response of the tank structure during HRAM events depends on a coupling model between fluid and structure. Water is generally used as a liquid candidate for experimental observations of HRAM, since it is a safe and affordable solution. However, its characteristics in thermal transfers are far different from the ones of hydrocarbons, and it may influence the bubble behaviour and thus its resulting loading on the tank walls. A good understanding of all these aspects is still needed to enhance the tank designs. Similarities in bubble behaviour between HRAM and underwater explosion situations were observed in recent high-speed tank penetration/water entry experiments. A confined version of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation – which is classically used for bubble dynamics analysis (including underwater explosion) – has been previously proposed to simulate a bubble created by an HRAM event. The work the presented work is a first attempt to the estimation of the influence of thermal effects in HRAM processes, by using the Rayleigh-Plesset equation in confined regime.

Keywords: Ballistic impact, Cavitation, Fuel-filled tank, Hydrodynamic ram, Rayleight-Plesset equation, Thermal effects
Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of intearest.

References
[1] Ball, R., The fundamental of aircraft combat survivability analysis and design. AIAA, 1985. [Crossref]
[2] Deletombe, E., Fabis, J., Dupas, J. & Mortier, J.M., Experimental analysis of 7.62 mm hydrodynamic ram in containers. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 37, pp. 1–21, 2013. [Crossref]
[3] Varas, D., Zaera, R. & L´opez-Puente, J., Numerical modelling of the hydrodynamic ram phenomenon. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36, pp. 363–374, 2009. [Crossref]
[4] Bless, S., Fuel tank survivability for hydrodynamic ram induced by high-velocity fragments. Part I experimental result and design summary. Technical Report AFFDLTR-78-184, Part I, University of Dayton Research Institute, 1979.
[5] Stepka, F. & Morse, C., Preliminary investigation of catastrophic fracture of liquid- filled tanks impacted by high velocity particles. Technical Report D-1537, NASA, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, 1963.
[6] Cole, R., Underwater Explosions, Princeton University Press: Princeton, pp. 7–13, 28–45,102–109,114–126,425–426, 1945.
[7] Fourest, T., Laurens, J.M., Deletombe, E., Dupas, J. & Arrigoni, M., Analysis of bubbles dynamics created by hydrodynamic ram in confined geometries using the rayleighplesset equation. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 73, pp. 66–74, 2014. [Crossref]
[8] Rayleigh, L., On the pressure developed in a liquid during the collapse of a spherical cavity. Philosophical Magazine Series 6, 34(200), pp. 94–98, 1917. [Crossref]
[9] Plesset, M., The dynamics of cavitation bubbles. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 16, pp. 277–282, 1949.
[10] Fujikawa, S. & Akamatsu, T., Effects of the non-equilibrium condensation of vapour on the pressure wave produced by the collapse of a bubble in liquid. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 97(03), pp. 481–512, 1980. [Crossref]
[11] Obreschkow, D., Kobel, P., Dorsaz, N., de Bosset, A., Nicollier, C. & Farhat, M., Cavitation bubble dynamics inside liquid drops in microgravity. Physical Review Letter, 97, 2006. [Crossref]
[12] Fourest, T., Laurens, J.M., Deletombe, E., Dupas, J. & Arrigoni, M., Confined Rayleigh-Plesset equation for hydrodynamic ram analysis in thin-walled containers under bal- listic impacts. Thin−Walled Structures, 86, pp. 67–72, 2015. [Crossref]
[13] Grazia De Giorgi, M., Bello, D. & Ficarella, A., Analysis of thermal effects in a cavitating orifice using rayleigh equation and experiments. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 132(9), 2010. [Crossref]
[14] Brennen, C., Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics, Oxford University Press, 1995.
[15] Handbook of aviation fuel properties, Technical Report ADA132106, Coordinating Research Council, 1983.
[16] Shepherd, J., Krok, J. & Lee, J.J., Jet a explosion experiements: Laboratory testing. Technical Report FM97-5, Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, 1997.
[17] Shepherd, J., Nuyt, C. & Lee, J.J., Flash point and chemical composition of aviation kerosene (jet a). Technical Report FM99-4, Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, 2000.
[18] Woodrow, J. & Seiber, J.N., The laboratory characterisation of fuel vapor under simulated flight conditions. Technical Report NTSB12-97-SP-0255, Center for Environmen- tal Sciences and Engineering, 1997.
[19] Franc, J., Avellan, F., Belahadji, B., Billard, J., on Marjollet, L.B., Fr´echou, D., Fruman, D., Karimi, A., Kueny, J. & Michel, J., La Cavitation, m´ecanisme, Presse Universitaire de Grenoble: Grenoble, France, pp. 63–95, 1995.
[20] Jensen, J., Tuttle, W., Stewart, R., Brechna, H. & Prodell, A., Brookhaven national laboratory selected cryogenic data notebook, volume I, section I-IX. Technical Report BNL 10200-R, Vol. I, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 198
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Fourest, T., Arrigoni, M., Deletombe, E., Dupas, J., & Laurens, J. M. (2016). Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation. Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., 4(3), 301-310. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-301-310
T. Fourest, M. Arrigoni, E. Deletombe, J. Dupas, and J. M. Laurens, "Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation," Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 301-310, 2016. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-301-310
@research-article{Fourest2016PredictionOT,
title={Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation},
author={T. Fourest and M. Arrigoni and E. Deletombe and J. Dupas and J-M. Laurens},
journal={International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements},
year={2016},
page={301-310},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-301-310}
}
T. Fourest, et al. "Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, v 4, pp 301-310. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-301-310
T. Fourest, M. Arrigoni, E. Deletombe, J. Dupas and J-M. Laurens. "Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, 4, (2016): 301-310. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-301-310
FOUREST T， ARRIGONI M， DELETOMBE E， et al. Prediction of Thermal Effects of Magnitude for HRAM Event in Fuel-Filled Tank using the Rayleigh-Plesset Equation[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements， 2016， 4(3)： 301-310. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-301-310