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[1] Bonacci, J. & Maalej, M., Behavioral trends of rc beams strengthened with externally bonded frp. Journal of Composites for Construction, 5(2), pp. 102–113, 2001. [Crossref]
[2] Hwang, S.J., Tu, Y.S., Yeh, Y.H. & Chiou, T.C., Reinforced concrete partition walls retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced polymer. ANCER Annual Meeting: Networking of Young Earthquake Engineering Researchers and Professionals, 2004.
[3] Buchan, P. & Chen, J., Blast resistance of frp composites and polymer strengthened concrete and masonry structures-a state-of-the-art review. Composites Part B: Engineering, 38(5), pp. 509–522, 2007. [Crossref]
[4] Wu, C., Oehlers, D., Rebentrost, M., Leach, J. & Whittaker, A., Blast testing of ultra-high performance fibre and frp-retrofitted concrete slabs. Engineering Structures, 31(9), pp. 2060–2069, 2009. [Crossref]
[5] Mosalam, K.M. & Mosallam, A.S., Nonlinear transient analysis of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to blast loading and retrofitted with cfrp composites. Composites Pari B: Engineering, 32(8), pp. 623–636, 2001.
[6] Triantafillou, T., Strengthening of structures with advanced frps. Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 1(2), pp. 126–134, 1998. [Crossref]
[7] Orton, S., Wheeler, M. & Chiarito, V., Evaluation of mechanical anchoring system to improve performance of cfrp mitigated concrete slabs under close-in blasts. Structures Congress 2013@ sBridging Your Passion with Your Profession, ASCE, pp. 239–249, 2013.
[8] Hamouda, A. & Hashmi, M., Testing of composite materials at high rates of strain: advances and challenges. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 77(1), pp. 327–336, 1998. [Crossref]
[9] Orton, S.L., Chiarito, V.P., Rabalais, C., Wombacher, M. & Rowell, S.P., Strain rate effects in cfrp used for blast mitigation. Polymers, 6(4), pp. 1026–1039, 2014. [Crossref]
[10] Chan, S., Fawaz, Z., Behdinan, K. & Amid, R., Ballistic limit prediction using a numerical model with progressive damage capability. Composite Structures, 77(4), pp. 466–474, 2007. [Crossref]
[11] Mutalib, A.A. & Hao, H., Numerical analysis of frp-composite-strengthened rc panels with anchorages against blast loads. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 25(5), pp. 360–372, 2010. [Crossref]
[12] Eshwar, N., Nanni, A. & Ibell, T.J., Performance of two anchor systems of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer laminates. Materials Journal, 105(1), pp. 72–80, 2008.
[13] Kalfat, R., Al-Mahaidi, R. & Smith, S.T., Anchorage devices used to improve the performance of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with frp composites: State-of-the-art review. Journal of Composites for Construction, 17(1), 2011.
[14] Muszynski, L.C. & Purcell, M.R., Use of composite reinforcement to strengthen concrete and air-entrained concrete masonry walls against air blast. Journal of Composites for Construction, 7(2), pp. 98–108, 2003. [Crossref]
[15] Stewart, L., Freidenberg, A., Rodriguez-Nikl, T., Oesterle, M., Wolfson, J., Durant, B., Arnett, K., Asaro, R. & Hegemier, G., Methodology and validation for blast and shock testing of structures using high-speed hydraulic actuators. Engineering Structures, 70, pp. 168–180, 2014. [Crossref]
[16] Freidenberg, A., Advancements in blast simulator analysis demonstrated on a prototype wall structure. University of California San Diego, Dissertation Thesis, 2013.
[17] Fischer, K. & Häring, I., Sdof response model parameters from dynamic blast loading experiments. Engineering Structures, 31(8), pp. 1677–1686, 2009. [Crossref]
[18] Krauthammer, T., Shahriar, S. & Shanaa, H., Response of reinforced concrete elements to severe impulsive loads. Journal ofStructural Engineering, 116(4), pp. 1061–1079, 1990.
[19] Biggs, J.M. & Testa, B., Introduction to Structural Dynamics, volume 3. McGraw-Hill: New York, 1964.
[20] Myers, J.J., Belarbi, A. & El-Domiaty, K.A., Blast resistance of frp retrofitted unreinforced masonry (urm) walls with and without arching action. The Masonry Society Journal, 22(1), pp. 9–26, 2004.
[21] 440, A.C., ACI 440.2R-08 - Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Structures. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008.
[22] Coporation, L.S.T., LS-DYNA(R) Keyword User’s Manual Volume I. Livermore Software Technology Coporation, Stanford, California, 2007.
[23] Coporation, L.S.T., LS-DYNA(R) Theory Manual. Livermore Software Technology Coporation, Stanford, California, 2006.
[24] Murray, Y.D., Abu-Odeh, A. & Bligh, R., Evaluation of LS-DYNA Concrete Material Model 159. U.S. Department of Transportation, Mclean, VA, 2007.
[25] Murray, Y.D., Users Manual LS-DYNA Concrete Material Model 159. U.S. Department of Transportation, Mclean, VA, 2007.
[26] Jones, R.M., Mechanics of Composite Materials, volume 193. Scripta Book Company: Washington, DC, 1975.
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Acadlore takes over the publication of IJCMEM from 2025 Vol. 13, No. 3. The preceding volumes were published under a CC BY 4.0 license by the previous owner, and displayed here as agreed between Acadlore and the previous owner. ✯ : This issue/volume is not published by Acadlore.

Open Access
Research article

Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems

G. L. Pezzola1,
L.K. Stewart1,
G. Hegemier2
1
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
2
Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, USA
International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements
|
Volume 4, Issue 3, 2016
|
Pages 247-257
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

A blast retrofit technique for concrete structures using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) layers was investigated for use in large infrastructure systems with the overarching goal of preventing against major loss of life and considerable damage that would require extensive repair. Large-scale experiments were conducted and the retrofit behavior was investigated for application on relatively large reinforced concrete walls subjected to blast-like loadings. The experimental program utilized the University of California San Diego (UCSD) Blast Simulator. The Blast Simulator is able to induce various blast-like shock waves to the test specimen in a controlled laboratory environment. The performance of this blast retrofit was tested and then analyzed using SDOF and finite element modeling methods. A finite element model was created using LS-DYNA and utilized contact algorithms for the CFRP-concrete interface. Results and comparisons between the two analysis methods are given.

Keywords: Blast, CFRP, Finite element, Reinforced concrete, SDOF
Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

References
[1] Bonacci, J. & Maalej, M., Behavioral trends of rc beams strengthened with externally bonded frp. Journal of Composites for Construction, 5(2), pp. 102–113, 2001. [Crossref]
[2] Hwang, S.J., Tu, Y.S., Yeh, Y.H. & Chiou, T.C., Reinforced concrete partition walls retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced polymer. ANCER Annual Meeting: Networking of Young Earthquake Engineering Researchers and Professionals, 2004.
[3] Buchan, P. & Chen, J., Blast resistance of frp composites and polymer strengthened concrete and masonry structures-a state-of-the-art review. Composites Part B: Engineering, 38(5), pp. 509–522, 2007. [Crossref]
[4] Wu, C., Oehlers, D., Rebentrost, M., Leach, J. & Whittaker, A., Blast testing of ultra-high performance fibre and frp-retrofitted concrete slabs. Engineering Structures, 31(9), pp. 2060–2069, 2009. [Crossref]
[5] Mosalam, K.M. & Mosallam, A.S., Nonlinear transient analysis of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to blast loading and retrofitted with cfrp composites. Composites Pari B: Engineering, 32(8), pp. 623–636, 2001.
[6] Triantafillou, T., Strengthening of structures with advanced frps. Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 1(2), pp. 126–134, 1998. [Crossref]
[7] Orton, S., Wheeler, M. & Chiarito, V., Evaluation of mechanical anchoring system to improve performance of cfrp mitigated concrete slabs under close-in blasts. Structures Congress 2013@ sBridging Your Passion with Your Profession, ASCE, pp. 239–249, 2013.
[8] Hamouda, A. & Hashmi, M., Testing of composite materials at high rates of strain: advances and challenges. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 77(1), pp. 327–336, 1998. [Crossref]
[9] Orton, S.L., Chiarito, V.P., Rabalais, C., Wombacher, M. & Rowell, S.P., Strain rate effects in cfrp used for blast mitigation. Polymers, 6(4), pp. 1026–1039, 2014. [Crossref]
[10] Chan, S., Fawaz, Z., Behdinan, K. & Amid, R., Ballistic limit prediction using a numerical model with progressive damage capability. Composite Structures, 77(4), pp. 466–474, 2007. [Crossref]
[11] Mutalib, A.A. & Hao, H., Numerical analysis of frp-composite-strengthened rc panels with anchorages against blast loads. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 25(5), pp. 360–372, 2010. [Crossref]
[12] Eshwar, N., Nanni, A. & Ibell, T.J., Performance of two anchor systems of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer laminates. Materials Journal, 105(1), pp. 72–80, 2008.
[13] Kalfat, R., Al-Mahaidi, R. & Smith, S.T., Anchorage devices used to improve the performance of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with frp composites: State-of-the-art review. Journal of Composites for Construction, 17(1), 2011.
[14] Muszynski, L.C. & Purcell, M.R., Use of composite reinforcement to strengthen concrete and air-entrained concrete masonry walls against air blast. Journal of Composites for Construction, 7(2), pp. 98–108, 2003. [Crossref]
[15] Stewart, L., Freidenberg, A., Rodriguez-Nikl, T., Oesterle, M., Wolfson, J., Durant, B., Arnett, K., Asaro, R. & Hegemier, G., Methodology and validation for blast and shock testing of structures using high-speed hydraulic actuators. Engineering Structures, 70, pp. 168–180, 2014. [Crossref]
[16] Freidenberg, A., Advancements in blast simulator analysis demonstrated on a prototype wall structure. University of California San Diego, Dissertation Thesis, 2013.
[17] Fischer, K. & Häring, I., Sdof response model parameters from dynamic blast loading experiments. Engineering Structures, 31(8), pp. 1677–1686, 2009. [Crossref]
[18] Krauthammer, T., Shahriar, S. & Shanaa, H., Response of reinforced concrete elements to severe impulsive loads. Journal ofStructural Engineering, 116(4), pp. 1061–1079, 1990.
[19] Biggs, J.M. & Testa, B., Introduction to Structural Dynamics, volume 3. McGraw-Hill: New York, 1964.
[20] Myers, J.J., Belarbi, A. & El-Domiaty, K.A., Blast resistance of frp retrofitted unreinforced masonry (urm) walls with and without arching action. The Masonry Society Journal, 22(1), pp. 9–26, 2004.
[21] 440, A.C., ACI 440.2R-08 - Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Structures. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008.
[22] Coporation, L.S.T., LS-DYNA(R) Keyword User’s Manual Volume I. Livermore Software Technology Coporation, Stanford, California, 2007.
[23] Coporation, L.S.T., LS-DYNA(R) Theory Manual. Livermore Software Technology Coporation, Stanford, California, 2006.
[24] Murray, Y.D., Abu-Odeh, A. & Bligh, R., Evaluation of LS-DYNA Concrete Material Model 159. U.S. Department of Transportation, Mclean, VA, 2007.
[25] Murray, Y.D., Users Manual LS-DYNA Concrete Material Model 159. U.S. Department of Transportation, Mclean, VA, 2007.
[26] Jones, R.M., Mechanics of Composite Materials, volume 193. Scripta Book Company: Washington, DC, 1975.
Cite this:
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MLA Style
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GB-T-7714-2015
Pezzola, G. L., Stewart, L. K., & Hegemier, G. (2016). Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems. Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., 4(3), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-247-257
G. L. Pezzola, L. K. Stewart, and G. Hegemier, "Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems," Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 247-257, 2016. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-247-257
@research-article{Pezzola2016AnalysisMF,
title={Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems},
author={G.L. Pezzola and L.K. Stewart and G. Hegemier},
journal={International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements},
year={2016},
page={247-257},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-247-257}
}
G.L. Pezzola, et al. "Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, v 4, pp 247-257. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-247-257
G.L. Pezzola, L.K. Stewart and G. Hegemier. "Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, 4, (2016): 247-257. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-247-257
PEZZOLA G L， STEWART L K， HEGEMIER G. Analysis Methods for CFRP Blast Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Wall Systems[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements， 2016， 4(3)： 247-257. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-247-257