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Bhushan, B., Adhesion and stiction: mechanisms, measurement techniques, and methods for reduction. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B, 21(6), pp. 2262 – 2292, 2003.
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van Zwol, P.J., Palasantzas, G., & de Hosson, J.T.M., Infl uence of roughness on capillary forces between hydrophilic surfaces. Physical Review E, 78(031606), pp. 1 – 6, 2008.
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Y oshizawa, H., Chen, Y.L. & Israelachvili, J., Fundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. Relation between adhesion and friction. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 97(16), pp. 4128 – 4140, 1993. doi: [Crossref]
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G robelny, J., Pradeep, N., Kim, D.I. & Ying, Z.C., Quantifi cation of the meniscus effect in adhesion force measurement. Applied Physics Letters, 88(091906), pp. 091906-1-091906-3, 2006. doi: [Crossref]
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R abinovich, Y.I., Alder, J.J., Ata, A., Singh, R.K. & Moudgil, B.M., Adhesion between nanoscale rough surfaces II. Measurement and comparison with theory. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 232, pp. 17 – 24, 2000. doi: [Crossref]
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Open Access
Research article

Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions

m.a. yaqoob1,
m.b. de rooij2,
d.j. schipper2
1
Materials Innovation Institute, Delft, Netherlands Laboratory of Surface Technology and Tribology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
2
Laboratory of Surface Technology and Tribology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements
|
Volume 1, Issue 4, 2013
|
Pages 367-380
Received: N/A,
Revised: N/A,
Accepted: N/A,
Available online: N/A
View Full Article|Download PDF

Abstract:

Physical insight into the frictional behaviour of surfaces in contact with vacuum and other special environments is important for the accuracy of positioning mechanisms operating in these environments. The positioning accuracy and drift in these mechanisms are strongly influenced by the frictional behaviour of the mating materials. The cause for both drift and positioning accuracy is stick-to-slip and slip-to-stick transitions at asperity level, resulting in a displacement at macrolevel. Adhesion as well as friction experiments were performed for single asperity and multi-asperity contacts both in ambient and high vacuum conditions on a novel designed vacuum-based adhesion and friction tester. This paper discusses the experimental setup designed and manufactured to investigate the adhesion and friction behaviour of a single asperity contact. The intrinsic roughness of the ball and the flat will form a multiasperity contact. Pull-off and friction force measurements can be performed with the resolution better than 5 μN. The maximum normal load that can be applied with this system is 100 mN. The setup is capable of working at 10-6 mbar vacuum level as well as in ambient conditions. Experimental results show that the surrounding environment and roughness play an important role both in the adhesion force and friction force measurements. The friction force measurements show good agreement with the basic theories of contact mechanics.

Keywords: Adhesion force, Force–displacement curve, Friction force, High vacuum, Mechanical vibrations, Multi-asperity contact, Positioning accuracy, Single asperity contact
References
1.
Xiao, X. & Qian, L., Investigation of humidity-dependent capillary force. Langmuir, 16, pp. 8153 – 8158, 2000. doi: [Crossref]
2.
Israelachivili, J.N., Intermolecular and Surface Forces. 2nd ed, Elsevier Ltd: Amsterdam, 1991. doi: [Crossref]
3.
Bhushan, B., Adhesion and stiction: mechanisms, measurement techniques, and methods for reduction. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B, 21(6), pp. 2262 – 2292, 2003.
4.
van Zwol, P.J., Palasantzas, G., & de Hosson, J.T.M., Infl uence of roughness on capillary forces between hydrophilic surfaces. Physical Review E, 78(031606), pp. 1 – 6, 2008.
5.
Johnson, K.L. & Greenwood, J.A., An adhesion map for the contact of elastic spheres. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 192, pp. 326–333, 1997. doi: [Crossref]
6.
Feldman, K., Fritz, M., Hahner, G., Marti, A., & Spencer, N.D., Surface forces, surface chemistry and tribology. Tribology International, 31(1 – 3), pp. 99 – 105, 1998. doi: [Crossref]
7.
Ciavarella, M., The generalized Cattaneo partial slip plane contact problem. I – Theory. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 35(18), pp. 2349 – 2362, 1998. doi: [Crossref]
8.
Mindlin, R.D., Compliance of elastic bodies in contact. ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics. 16, pp. 259 – 268, 1949.
9.
Mindlin, R.D. & Deresiewicz, H., Elastic spheres in contact under varying oblique forces. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 20, pp. 327 – 344, 1953.
10.
Amstrong-H´elouvry, B., Control of Machines With Friction, Kluwer Academic Publishers: Massachusetts and Dordrecht, 1991. doi: [Crossref]
11.
C apone, G., Della Valle, S., Guida, D. & D’Agostino, V., On the friction-position control relationship. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology. 211(2), pp. 129 – 137, 1997. doi: [Crossref]
12.
Y aqoob, M.A., de Rooij, M.B., & Schipper, D.J., Design of a vacuum based test rig for measuring micro adhesion and friction force. High Performance Structures and Materials, VI, pp. 261 – 274, 2012.
13.
A wtar, S., Synthesis and analysis of parallel kinematic XY fl exure mechanism, PhD Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, pp. 23 – 42, 2004.
14.
X u, D., Liechti, K.M., & Ravi-Chandar, K., On the modifi ed tabor parameter for the JKR-DMT transition in the presence of a liquid meniscus. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 315, pp. 772 – 785, 2007. doi: [Crossref]
15.
H arnett, E.M., Alderman, J. & Wood, T., The surface energy of various biomaterials coated with adhesion molecules used in cell culture. Colloids and Interface Science B: Bio-interfaces, 55, pp. 90 – 97, 2007. doi: [Crossref]
16.
K rol, P. & Krol, B., Determination of free surface energy values for ceramic materials and polyurethane surface-modifying aqueous emulsions. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 26, pp. 2241–2248, 2006. doi: [Crossref]
17.
Y oshizawa, H., Chen, Y.L. & Israelachvili, J., Fundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. Relation between adhesion and friction. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 97(16), pp. 4128 – 4140, 1993. doi: [Crossref]
18.
L iu, L. & Bushan, B., Adhesion and friction studies of microelectromechanical systems/nanoelectromechanical systems materials using a novel microtriboapparatus. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, 21(4), pp. 1528 – 1538, 2003. doi: [Crossref]
19.
G robelny, J., Pradeep, N., Kim, D.I. & Ying, Z.C., Quantifi cation of the meniscus effect in adhesion force measurement. Applied Physics Letters, 88(091906), pp. 091906-1-091906-3, 2006. doi: [Crossref]
20.
R abinovich, Y.I., Alder, J.J., Ata, A., Singh, R.K. & Moudgil, B.M., Adhesion between nanoscale rough surfaces II. Measurement and comparison with theory. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 232, pp. 17 – 24, 2000. doi: [Crossref]
21.
J ohnson, K.L., Mechanics of adhesion. Tribology International, 31(8), pp. 413 – 418, 1998. doi: [Crossref]
22.
G alligan, J.M. & McCullough P., On the nature of static friction. Wear, 105, pp. 337 – 340,1985. doi: [Crossref]
Cite this:
APA Style
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MLA Style
Chicago Style
GB-T-7714-2015
Yaqoob, M., Rooij, M. D., & Schipper, D. (2013). Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions. Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., 1(4), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N4-367-380
M. Yaqoob, M. D. Rooij, and D. Schipper, "Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions," Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 367-380, 2013. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N4-367-380
@research-article{Yaqoob2013AdhesionAF,
title={Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions},
author={M.A. Yaqoob and M.B. De Rooij and D.J. Schipper},
journal={International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements},
year={2013},
page={367-380},
doi={https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N4-367-380}
}
M.A. Yaqoob, et al. "Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, v 1, pp 367-380. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N4-367-380
M.A. Yaqoob, M.B. De Rooij and D.J. Schipper. "Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, 1, (2013): 367-380. doi: https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N4-367-380
Yaqoob M.， Rooij M. D.， Schipper D.. Adhesion and Friction Force Measurements in Ambient and High Vacuum Conditions[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements， 2013， 1(4)： 367-380. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N4-367-380