Indonesia is generous in renewable energy resources since the country benefits from abundant solar energy. There has been an increase in the energy demand, and thus, it is essential to consider shifting to renewable energy sources to sustain future energy demand. This research looks at how renewable energy could be formed in an airport, specifically alleviating the use of fossil fuel-powered vehicles. Among them is the engineering of a standalone Public Electric Vehicle Charging Station (SPKLU) powered by other energies. The researcher applies a HOMER-Grid simulation approach to design an approximate daily electrical load of 424.25kW. According to the projections made in the simulation, approximately 254,078kWh of electricity will be produced annually from this renewable energy system. The percentage contribution of the energy from this system to the total energy load is 26.11%. Harnessing renewable energy at the airport is about developing a green technology approach, which can reduce the operational carbon footprint efficiency of the airport and help make the operation more sustainable.

Technology has significantly improved transportation services through information and communication technologies (ICT), and it has enhanced efficiency, accessibility, security, and sustainability in transportation systems. This study aims to comprehensively understand how ICT impacts the transportation system through a systematic literature review. Moreover, this study systematically reviews and synthesizes literature on the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on various facets of transportation. It specifically investigates the transformative potential of ICT, including blockchain and IoT technologies, in replacing traditional transportation systems. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines for reporting systemic reviews and meta-analyses. The review process involves several stages, including initial search queries, screening studies, eligibility assessments, and the final selection of articles. The study used only one database, Scopus and it found 425 articles, only 10 papers matched the selection criteria. The Study findings suggest that information and communication technologies have played an important role in transportation services, like smart traffic management, real-time data analysis, and enhanced user interfaces. Despite this, data privacy, infrastructure integration, and equitable access remain challenges. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between ICT and transportation. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners striving to harness the potential of ICT for creating more efficient, sustainable, and user-centric transportation systems. Based on the study, future research should explore the integrated impact of blockchain, IoT, and AI on transportation efficiency, user acceptance, regulatory adaptations, and environmental implications.

The Indonesian government, through the Directorate General of Railways, Ministry of Transportation, plans to operate the trans-Sumatra Rail Way or train transportation mode (TSRW), so that cities on the island of Sumatra will be fully connected. Meanwhile, on the one hand, the construction costs are very high, starting from the rails and bridges, stations and trains themselves, and on the other hand, cities in Sumatra are already operating with satisfactory service to travelers using road transportation modes, both ICIP buses and Small passenger cars (LPC) have very easy access, while on trains each passenger has to go to the station first or access is low, so it is feared that once this Trans Sumatra Rail Way (TSRW) or train operates, it will not be of interest to people traveling between cities on the island of Sumatra. So, to ensure that the Trans Sumatra Rail Way (TSRW) or train is in demand by people traveling between cities and provinces on the island of Sumatra, it is necessary to carry out a study by presenting a new service attribute that is not yet available in other modes of transportation besides the Trans Sumatra Rail Way (TSRW) or train and also so far. Currently, there are no studies that discuss this mode choice which includes this new service attribute, namely continuous integration between trains and online transportation such as Go-Car, Grab and Maxim by combining the payment of one ticket on the train ticket so that train passengers can be picked up at home and delivered to the train station for free which is called seamless service. The results of the study show that with the existence of this new service attribute as a new variable, it turns out that this trans Sumatra rail-way mode has a great opportunity to be used by people traveling between cities on the island of Sumatra with great opportunities with a market share of 81 percent.

This study investigates the spatial distribution and potential expansion of electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in Ludhiana, India, with a focus on optimizing site selection to accommodate increasing demand. A multi-criteria framework was employed, incorporating traffic volume, demographic data, and usage patterns of existing charging stations to identify high-priority locations. Central commercial zones, including Ghumar Mandi, Feroze Gandhi Market, ISBT Ludhiana, and Ludhiana Railway Station, were found to exhibit significant traffic density and high EV ownership rates, making them prime candidates for the establishment of new charging stations. Spatial analysis, including heat maps, bar graphs, and pie charts, was used to visualize these key areas, revealing critical patterns in demand and facilitating the strategic targeting of infrastructure expansion. Community engagement was emphasized as an essential component in ensuring that infrastructure development aligns with user needs and preferences. The study further highlighted the importance of accessibility, economic viability, and sustainability as pivotal criteria for site selection. The findings offer valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers, supporting the development of a robust EV charging network that contributes to the advancement of sustainable urban mobility and the reduction of carbon emissions in Ludhiana. These results provide a basis for informed decision-making in the design of EV infrastructure, guiding the city's efforts towards an eco-friendly, future-ready transportation system.

Traffic congestion in Egyptian cities is a major issue due to unplanned and private vehicles, impacting land use, housing, and development. A study aims to improve accessibility and mobility by implementing a multimodal transportation system, reducing private vehicle usage, and attracting sustainable transit investments. The research questions include mode of transport, destination distance, passenger walking distance, integration principles, and multimodal effects on land use and attraction. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing data collection, literature reviews, and analytical examples. It employs a geographic information system (GIS) analysis program to examine existing and proposed cases, demonstrating the effectiveness of multimodal transportation in connecting intercity, promoting smart urban growth, and attracting investments. It transforms land use from mono-use to diverse, contributing alternative downtown and activating job opportunities. This approach revitalizes neglected lands, reduces traffic congestion, and creates green spaces. It also encourages the TOD concept. Furthermore, it improves the environment and health and reduces urban congestion, contributing to urban development. Overall, multimodal transportation is a significant contributor to urban growth. Moreover, future policies should consider various transportation modes, public-private partnerships, infrastructure investment, technology integration, accessibility, and sustainable modes, with community engagement and policy support prioritizing multimodal transportation and raising awareness.

Dynamic pricing on seat selection contributes good revenue during demand, and forecasting of income using events occupancy is lagging are to be addressed by novel methods. The passengers, who may not have the purchasing capability of a 4 wheeler must prefer to share the facility for savings. The crucial aspects are customer comfort and knowing price drops in advance. The proposed system is a hybrid upfront that consists of modified ARIMA, and GBM to accurately forecast income based on filled events occupancy. This system not only provides integrated features such as applying discounts on specific scenarios, a dynamic seat selection, individual track of the vehicle, and predicting income of future days. The Firsts Come First Serve (FCFS) and seat ranking have been integrated into the evolution of a hybrid method that also outputs good revenue. The evaluation is compared against existing approaches. The outcome is an effective way of selecting the seat as per their choice, and the event occupancy cut-off is reached. This feature guides the driver community to raise seat prices or drop prices would generate revenue as well as maximize passenger comfort.

Sustainable urban development stands as a pivotal imperative in contemporary discourse. One of the world's largest megacities, Dhaka, faces immense social sustainability challenges due to rapid urbanization for both present and future generations. As Dhaka's urbanization accelerates, transportation availability has become a pressing concern for socially sustainable urban areas. This study aims to investigate the current conditions of transportation availability and its impact on socially sustainable urban development, particularly in developing cities. This study used a quantitative research approach, and Dhaka is considered a representative city in a developing region. A multistage sampling method was used to collect 564 responses from residents of Dhaka through a structured questionnaire survey. The results indicated that four indicators of transport availability in Dhaka city exhibit low satisfaction levels among residents. Additionally, transportation availability statistically impacts Dhaka's socially sustainable urban development, as determined using four indicators cross-section OLS and Poisson regression analysis. The results guide governmental bodies, legislators, and urban planners in pursuing socially sustainable cities. Moreover, transportation availability indicators offer actionable policy insights for urban sector strategies in developing nations, bridging urbanization and sustainability to advance SDG-11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) in the 2030 Agenda.

The conventional belief that mobile phone usage adversely affects driving performance, particularly through driver distraction leading to accidents, underscores the importance of understanding its impact within the context of varying traffic environments. This study aims to investigate the individual and interactive effects of mobile phone use and traffic environment on driving performance. Two distinct experiments were conducted in a simulated driving environment, employing a 2² factorial design to examine these factors. Mobile phone use was assessed in both hands-free and hand-held modes, while traffic environments comprised rural and urban routes. Driving performance was evaluated using four measures: driver mental workload, error frequency, average speed, and lateral position changes. Our findings reveal that mobile phone use significantly affects all performance measures, while traffic environment predominantly influences average speed and lateral position changes. Specifically, both hands-free and hand-held modes are statistically significant in influencing mental workload. Additionally, the interaction between traffic environment and hand-held phone use notably affects error frequency. These results provide insights into the complex interplay between mobile phone use, traffic conditions, and driving performance.

The solar air heaters are generally used in food drying applications or air heating applications. The solar air heater encompasses the collector body, duct, absorber glass surface, air inlet, and air outlet tube. In the present research, the solar collector model is designed in Creo parametric design software and imported into ANSYS design modeler. The thermal analysis of the solar air dryer is conducted in the ANSYS CFX simulation package at different Reynolds numbers. To attain heat transfer enhancement, V-shaped artificial roughness is incorporated on the upper absorber plate. The V-shaped artificial roughness considered for the analysis are 60°, 90°, and 120° angles. From the thermal analysis, heat transfer coefficient (HTC) value, pressure drop, and thermos hydraulic performance parameter are determined for different V-shaped artificial roughness profiles. The CFD simulation results have shown that including ribs in the design of the solar collector enhances its heat transfer rate and THPF (thermos-hydraulic performance factor). The V-shaped ribs with a rib angle of 60° have shown superior thermal-hydraulic performance in comparison to rib angles of 90° and 120°, across all Reynolds numbers.

This article assesses various optimization algorithms used to find the sizing of standalone hybrid energy system (HES) providing energy to isolated residential area load. The HES comprises three elements: photovoltaic panels (PV), diesel generators (DG). Many optimization algorithms have been assessed in this research to determine the most effective sizing of the HES in order to reduce the PV arrays, DGs number and the overall system cost hence minimizing the cost of energy (COE). The algorithms convergence time and the resulting loss of power supply probability (LPSP) are examined in this comparison. In this article, MATLAB/Simulink is used for its robust capabilities in modeling, simulating, and analyzing dynamic systems. The optimization's constraint is maintaining a reliability of 100%, ensuring uninterrupted energy supply to meet the energy demand. The results of the optimizations demonstrate that some algorithms gave different results of sizing.

This study introduces two advanced artificial intelligence systems designed to model and predict various boiler trips, playing a pivotal role in maintaining boilers' normal and safe functioning. These AI systems have been meticulously developed using MATLAB, thus offering sophisticated tools for diagnosing boiler trip occurrences. Real-world operational data from a coal-fired power plant, encompassing a comprehensive range of thirty-two operational variables tied to seven distinct boiler trips, was harnessed for these innovative systems' training, validation, and analysis. The first intelligent system capitalizes on a pure Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach, leveraging the insights drawn from plant operators' decision-making processes concerning the key variables influencing each specific boiler trip. On the other hand, the second system takes a hybrid approach, incorporating Genetic Algorithms (GAs) to emulate the decision-making role of plant operators in identifying the most influential variables for each trip. Moreover, different topology combinations were explored to pinpoint the optimal diagnostic structure. The outcomes of our investigation underline the impressive capabilities of the ANN system, successfully detecting all six considered boiler trips either before or concurrently with the detection by the plant's control system. Furthermore, the hybrid system exhibited a marginal improvement of 0.1% in Root Mean Square error compared to the pure ANN system. These findings collectively emphasize the potential of AI-driven methods in enhancing early detection and prevention of boiler trips, thereby contributing to improved operational safety and efficiency.

This document delineates the central supervision and control variables for photovoltaic parks that possess a net adequate capacity or power exceeding 5 MW, which are interconnected to the National Interconnected System (SIN) serving as a backup to Colombia's Regional Transmission System (STR). To establish a comprehensive understanding of the operating limits and control variables for photovoltaic solar plants with a net adequate capacity or maximum power of at least 5 MW, a research and analysis methodology was developed in accordance with the regulatory framework in Colombia. This methodology aims to underpin the regulatory parameters and operational guidelines for enhancing the efficiency and compliance of these energy systems.

Wind energy is one of the most widely used renewable energy sources around the world. A considerable research amount was accomplished in the area of performance enhancement for H-type Darrieus VAWT using blade pitch angle regulation. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive information for future research related to performance enhancement of H-type Darrius VAWT using blade pitch angle regulation. By pointing out the current technological development, the main advantages and disadvantages of the blade pitch angle techniques used. This review discusses the main effect of fixed and variable blade pitch angle regulation, blade pitch control techniques, and mathematical modelling. The state-of-the-art on how to improve the H-type Darrieus VAWT performance by using variable pitch angle adjustment was addressed. The active variable blade pitching technique was suggested to enhance the performance of H-type Darrius VAWT as it can increase the lift force and reduce the drag force on the blade during the wind turbine operation. Additionally, DMST model was suggested to be utilized to calculate the power output as it provides relatively accurate results especially at low TSRs.

In this work, biogas and biomethane production in a one-stage anaerobic digester (AD) are investigated. Four batch digesters were rotated at different speeds: 180 rpm for the first anaerobic digester (d1), 120 rpm for the second (d2), 60 rpm for the third (d3), and no speed at fourth digester (d4). Anaerobic digestion (AD) process of these digesters was thermophilic at 55℃ and 1 bar. The substrates were three liters of water, 1.5 kg of potatoes (PT), and 1.5 kg of moist cow dung (CD). Rotating speed, pressure, temperature, residence time (RT), and restarting time were investigated in theoretical and experimental energies of an anaerobic digester (AD). The simulation of one-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) is studied using Aspen Plus software. The simulations showed that increasing AD pressure by one to three bars in one stage increased biomethane production by 32%. Increasing the temperature from 35 to 70 degrees increased biomethane output by 38%. Increasing AD residence duration to 384 days increased biomethane concentration by 52.23%. The move increased AD's gross heating value by 1.73%. The experiment's findings were obtained by holding the system at 1 bar, 55℃, and varying the restarting time between 6 and 24 hours. The average biogas volume increase between the 1st-AD and the 4th-AD before rest, after restarting, and after/before restating AD operations is 118%, 124.5%, and 10.96%, respectively. The average biogas concentration increases between the 1st-AD and the 4th-AD before restating, after beginning, and after/before restating AD processes is 17.31%, 20.65%, and 6.4%, respectively. For the first and fourth digestors, the absolute average deviation (AAD) of biomethane content was 3.78% and 3.21%, respectively. Experimental and simulation data agreed. Finally, digestor performance was directly proportional to AD restarting time for one stage, with the optimal interval after 6 hours.

The investigation of the substantial impact of natural gas composition on the parameters for operation as well as the performance of centrifugal gas compressors in gas turbine power plants is presented in this paper. The efficiency and dependability of these compressors are greatly impacted by the composition of natural gas, which is defined by the different proportions of methane, ethane, propane, butane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other trace elements. This paper attempts to outline the complex effects of different gas compositions on compressor efficiency, maintenance needs, and overall plant operations through a thorough examination. Important factors to consider include how compressor longevity and performance are affected by gas density, energy content, corrosive components, moisture content, inert gases, and combustion characteristics. In addition, the study examines mitigating tactics to deal with issues brought on by variations in gas composition, including material compatibility, adaptive technologies, monitoring systems, and maintenance plans. This study offers insightful information that is crucial for maximizing the dependability and efficiency of centrifugal gas compressors in gas turbine power plants under various natural gas compositions.

This research explores the direct and indirect impacts of PT Pertamina Geothermal (Tbk) Sibayak's geothermal exploration on the economic, social, and environmental aspects of Semangat Gunung Village in Merdeka District, Karo Regency. The study surveyed 120 residents, achieving a 100% response rate. Using the Lilliefors test, the data were found to be normally distributed. The socioeconomic and environmental impacts were assessed by comparing pre- and post-exploration conditions. Findings indicate significant effects on various aspects: employment opportunities increased, though business opportunities remained unaffected by the geothermal activities. Community income saw a decline, primarily due to environmental disruptions such as floods impacting agriculture. Despite these economic shifts, the majority of the population continued working in agriculture, with a significant minority engaged in informal businesses. The exploration activities also affected community comfort and cultural heritage, with a substantial number of residents expressing discomfort and concerns over environmental degradation. The study underscores the need for a strategic environmental management approach, identifying key internal and external factors influencing the community. Recommendations include leveraging strengths and opportunities while mitigating weaknesses and threats, using a Livelihood Approach matrix for strategic planning. These findings provide crucial insights for policymakers and stakeholders in managing the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of geothermal exploration.